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首页> 外文期刊>Agricultural Water Management >Water balance of small reservoirs in the Volta basin: A case study of Boura reservoir in Burkina Faso
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Water balance of small reservoirs in the Volta basin: A case study of Boura reservoir in Burkina Faso

机译：伏尔塔河流域小型水库的水平衡：以布基纳法索的博拉水库为例

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Effective water resources development and management is crucial for sustainable economic growth and poverty reduction in many developing countries. In West Africa, large numbers of small reservoirs with volumes from 10(4) to 10(7) m(3) play a considerable role in maintaining and developing activities in remote areas and in providing irrigation water for agriculture and supply water for both livestock and people. The lack of baseline data on reservoir operation hinders their optimal management. The objective of this study was to enhance the knowledge of water resources of the small reservoirs in order to improve their management in the context of multiple uses. This study was carried out on a small reservoir located in Southern Burkina Faso which was monitored for 2 years (from April 2012 to April 2014). A simple approach based on the mass conservation equation was developed for estimating reservoir fluxes. For a short hydrological monitoring period, the rainfall, evaporation and reservoir filling patterns revealed a different hydrological balance of the reservoir between these 2 years. A decrease of 32% in the annual rainfall leads to a 50% reduction in the annual runoff coefficient. The results showed that about 60% of water was lost by evaporation, whereas less than 20% of water caught in the reservoir was withdrawn for various uses. The available water resources in the studied system are largely sufficient to satisfy the current demands. There are still possibilities for developing uses of water storage and for enhancing the irrigation potential of the small reservoir. This analysis indicates that small reservoirs are underperforming. The results highlighted that estimating water fluxes in a reservoir is a central task to support water management authorities and stakeholders in operational strategies for water supply and irrigated agriculture. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：有效的水资源开发和管理对于许多发展中国家的可持续经济增长和减贫至关重要。在西非，大量小型水库的体积在10（4）至10（7）m（3）之间，在维持和发展边远地区的活动以及为农业提供灌溉水和为牲畜提供​​水方面起着相当重要的作用。和人。缺乏有关储层运行的基线数据阻碍了其最佳管理。这项研究的目的是增强小型水库的水资源知识，以便在多种用途的情况下改善其管理。这项研究是在布基纳法索南部的一个小型水库上进行的，监测期为2年（从2012年4月至2014年4月）。开发了一种基于质量守恒方程的简单方法来估算储层通量。在较短的水文监测期内，降雨，蒸发和水库充填模式显示出这两年间水库的水文平衡有所不同。年降雨量减少32％，年径流系数减少50％。结果表明，蒸发损失了约60％的水，而为各种用途而抽取的水藏不到20％。研究系统中的可用水资源在很大程度上足以满足当前需求。仍有可能开发储水用途并增强小型水库的灌溉潜力。该分析表明，小型油藏表现不佳。结果强调，估算水库的水通量是支持供水管理当局和利益相关者制定供水和灌溉农业经营策略的中心任务。 （C）2015 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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