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首页> 外文期刊>American Journal of Physiology >Evidence for the presence in rainbow trout brain of amino acid-sensing systems involved in the control of food intake
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Evidence for the presence in rainbow trout brain of amino acid-sensing systems involved in the control of food intake

机译：在涉及食物摄入控制的氨基酸传感系统中存在彩虹鳟鱼的证据

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To assess the hypothesis of central amino acid-sensing systems involved in the control of food intake in fish, we carried out two experiments in rainbow trout. In the first one, we injected intracere-broventricularly two different branched-ehain amino acids (BCAAs), leucine and valine, and assessed food intake up to 48 h later. Leucine decreased and valine increased food intake. In a second experiment, 6 h after similar intracerebroventricular treatment we determined changes in parameters related to putative amino acid-sensing systems. Different areas of rainbow trout brain present amino acid-sensing systems responding to leucine (hypothalamus and telencephalon) and valine (telenceph-alon), while other areas (midbrain and hindbrain) do not respond to these treatments. The decreased food intake observed in fish treated intracerebroventricularly with leucine could relate to changes in mRNA abundance of hypothalamic neuropeptides [proopiomela-nocortin (POMC), cocaine- and amphetamine-related transcript (CART), neuropeptide Y (NPY), and agouti-related peptide (AgRP)]. These in turn could relate to amino acid-sensing systems present in the same area, related to BCAA and glutamine metabolism, as well as mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), taste receptors, and general control nonderepressible 2 (GCN2) kinase signaling. The treatment with valine did not affect amino acid-sensing parameters in the hypothalamus. These responses are comparable to those characterized in mammals. However, clear differences arise when comparing rainbow trout and mammals, in particular with respect to the clear orexigenic effect of valine, which could relate to the finding that valine partially stimulated two amino acid-sensing systems in the telencephalon. Another novel result is the clear effect of leucine on telencephalon, in which amino acid-sensing systems, but not neuropeptides, were activated as in the hypothalamus.
机译：为了评估涉及鱼类食物摄入控制中的中央氨基酸传感系统的假设，我们在虹鳟鱼中进行了两个实验。首先，我们注射了脑内下型两种不同的两种不同的支链氨基酸（BCAAs），亮氨酸和缬氨酸，并在以后评估了食物摄入量高达48小时。亮氨酸减少，缬氨酸增加了食物摄入量。在第二个实验中，在类似的颅内腔内治疗后6小时，我们确定了与推定氨基酸传感系统相关的参数的变化。彩虹鳟鱼大脑的不同领域呈现氨基酸传感系统对亮氨酸（下丘脑和斜视）和缬氨酸（Telenceph-Alon）进行响应，而其他地区（中脑和后脑）不响应这些治疗。用亮氨酸处理的鱼类中观察到的食物摄入量减少可与下丘脑神经肽的mRNA丰富的变化有关[proopiomela-nocortin（pocc），可卡因和含有amphetamine相关的转录（推车），神经肽Y（npy）和agouti相关的肽（AGRP）]。这些又可以涉及存在于与BCAA和谷氨酰胺代谢相关的相同区域中的氨基酸感测系统，以及雷帕霉素（MTOR），味觉受体和一般对照非胶版2（GCN2）激酶信号传导的机械靶标。用缬氨酸的处理不影响下丘脑中的氨基酸感测参数。这些反应与哺乳动物特征的反应相当。然而，当比较虹鳟和哺乳动物时，特别是关于缬氨酸的透明逆杂种作用的透明差异，这可能与缬氨酸部分刺激斜视中的两种氨基酸感测系统的发现有关。另一种新颖的结果是亮氨酸对瞳孔的效果，其中氨基酸感测系统，但不是神经肽，如下丘脑中被激活。

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