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Factors influencing potential scale of adoption of a perennial pasture in a mixed crop-livestock farming system

机译：影响农作物-畜牧混合系统采用多年生牧场的潜在规模的因素

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Evaluating the potential scale of adoption of a technological innovation or management practice at the farm business scale can help gauge the potential size of an industry for the purposes of prioritising resources for research and development. In this paper we address the question of quantifying the potential area of adoption of a perennial pasture, lucerne (Medicago sativa L.), in dryland mixed farming systems in Australia. Lucerne pastures play a significant role in dryland farming systems in the wheat-sheep zone of southern and western Australia. While there are benefits of integrating lucerne into cropping systems there will inevitably be additional costs, and the scale of adoption of lucerne will depend largely on the increase in farm profit resulting from the introduction of lucerne.Whole-farm economic models of representative farms in the Australian wheat-sheep belt were used to determine the key drivers for the scale of adoption of lucerne. For a particular farming system the optimal area of lucerne which maximises whole-farm profit is found to depend on production, price and cost conditions. Generally, no more than 30% of a farm was allocated to lucerne according to those conditions and location of the farm. For most scenarios examined the response of profit was flat around the optimal area. This implies that lucerne could be grown on areas greater than the optimum, in order to reduce groundwater recharge (and thereby reduce the risk of dryland salinity), without greatly reducing whole-farm profit. The optimal area of lucerne in all regions was limited by the area of suitable soil types and proportion of lucerne in the most profitable lucerne-crop sequences.At all price levels assumed in this study lucerne remained as part of the optimal enterprise mix for all farm types examined. Lucerne productivity was also a major determinant of the optimal area of lucerne. The sensitivity of profit to changes in winter and/or summer production varied between regions and for different livestock enterprises. The differences were driven by the timing of energy demands and supply of feed in individual farming systems.In all regions the optimal area and profitability of lucerne varied with livestock enterprise. The analyses showed that changing from wool production to meat production enabled greater economic benefit to be realised from lucerne. This was consistent across farm types and demonstrated the value of lucerne as a source of high quality feed for finishing prime lambs in summer.The results of this study demonstrate that lucerne is profitable in a range of environments on a significant proportion of the farm area, but that this area is small relative to that required to significantly influence in its own right the environmental issue of salinity. Crown Copyright
机译：在农场业务规模上评估采用技术创新或管理实践的潜在规模可以帮助评估行业的潜在规模，从而优先考虑研发资源。在本文中，我们解决了量化澳大利亚旱地混合农业系统中多年生牧草卢塞恩（Medicago sativa L.）的潜在采用面积的问题。卢塞恩草场在澳大利亚南部和西部的小麦-绵羊区的旱地耕作系统中发挥着重要作用。虽然将卢塞恩整合到种植系统中有很多好处，但不可避免地会产生额外的成本，而采用卢塞恩的规模将在很大程度上取决于引入卢塞恩所带来的农场利润的增加。澳大利亚的小麦羊皮带被用来确定卢塞恩收养规模的主要驱动力。对于特定的耕作系统，发现使整个农场利润最大化的最佳的卢塞恩面积取决于生产，价格和成本条件。通常，根据农场的条件和位置，将不超过30％的农场分配给卢塞恩。在大多数情况下，对利润的响应在最佳区域附近是平坦的。这意味着，可以在比最佳面积大的区域种植卢塞恩，以减少地下水的补给（从而减少旱地盐碱化的风险），而不会大大降低整个农场的利润。在所有区域中，最佳区域内的苜蓿最佳面积受到适宜土壤类型的面积和比例的限制。在本研究假设的所有价格水平下，苜蓿仍是所有农场最佳企业组合的一部分检查的类型。琉森的生产率也是决定琉森最佳面积的主要因素。利润对冬季和/或夏季产量变化的敏感度因地区而异，并且针对不同的畜牧企业。差异是由各个农作系统的能源需求和饲料供应的时间决定的。在所有地区，卢塞恩的最佳面积和获利能力随畜牧企业而变化。分析表明，从羊毛生产向肉类生产的转变可以使卢塞恩实现更大的经济效益。这在农场的各个类型上都是一致的，并证明了卢塞恩作为夏季精制羔羊优质饲料的来源的价值。这项研究的结果表明，在一定比例的农场区域中，卢塞恩在多种环境中均有利可图，但是这个区域相对于本身就显着影响盐度环境问题所需要的区域而言很小。皇冠版权

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