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首页> 外文期刊>Agricultural Systems >Survey of nitrogen fertilizer use on corn in Minnesota.
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Survey of nitrogen fertilizer use on corn in Minnesota.

机译：明尼苏达州玉米氮肥用量调查。

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A survey was conducted in the spring of 2010 to characterize the use of nitrogen (N) fertilizer on corn (Zea mays L.) by Minnesota farmers in the 2009 growing season. Detailed information on synthetic N fertilizer management practices was collected from interviews with 1496 farmers distributed across all of the corn growing regions in the state. The total amount of corn they grew represented 6.8% of the ha of corn harvested in Minnesota in 2009. This report summarizes data on: (1) N fertilizer rates, (2) major N sources (excluding manures), (3) application timing of the major N source, (4) use of nitrification inhibitors, additives, and specialty N fertilizer formulations, (5) fertilizer placement and incorporation practices, (6) use of starter fertilizer, split and sidedress applications, and other N sources such as ammonium phosphates, (7) N fertilization of irrigated corn, and (8) use of soil testing as a fertility management tool. Many of the survey results are reported as statewide averages, but where regional differences occurred the data are broken down and presented separately for different parts of the state. This survey provides the most comprehensive set of data on N fertilizer use on corn that has been collected in Minnesota. The information can be used to target research and education programs to improve N management for both production and environmental goals. The statewide average N fertilizer rate was 157 kg N ha-1. Variable rate application was used to apply N by 23% of farmers. About 59% of surveyed farmers applied the majority of their N fertilizer in the spring before planting, 32.5% made their main N application in the fall, and 9% sidedressed the majority of their N after corn emergence. Most farmers used anhydrous ammonia (46%) or urea (45%) as their major source of N fertilizer, while 6.5% used a liquid N formulation as their primary N source. Soil testing was used as a fertility management tool on 84% of the surveyed fields in the last 5 years. Overall results indicate that N fertilizer use by Minnesota corn farmers is generally consistent with University of Minnesota Extension N management guidelines. Fertilizer N use could probably be improved by taking adequate N credit for previous soybean crops. In the South Central region of the state, fertilizer N recovery could potentially be improved by increased use of nitrification inhibitors with fall-applied anhydrous ammonia or by delaying anhydrous ammonia application until spring.Digital Object Identifier http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2012.02.004
机译：明尼苏达州农民在2009年生长季节于2010年春季进行了一项调查，以表征在玉米（Zea mays L.）上使用氮肥的特征。有关对合成氮肥管理做法的详细信息，是从与该州所有玉米种植地区分布的1496名农民的访谈中收集的。他们种植的玉米总量占2009年明尼苏达州玉米收获面积的6.8％。该报告总结了以下数据：（1）氮肥施用率;（2）主要氮源（不包括粪肥）;（3）施用时机氮的主要来源，（4）使用硝化抑制剂，添加剂和特种氮肥配方，（5）肥料的施用和掺入方法，（6）使用起肥，分肥和施用的肥料，以及其他氮源，例如磷酸铵，（7）灌溉玉米的氮肥，以及（8）使用土壤测试作为肥力管理工具。许多调查结果均报告为全州平均水平，但是在发生地区差异的地方，将数据细分并分别针对州的不同部分进行显示。该调查提供了明尼苏达州收集的玉米氮肥使用的最全面数据。该信息可用于研究和教育计划，以改善针对生产和环境目标的氮素管理。全州平均氮肥施用量为157 kg N ha -1 。 23％的农民使用可变利率施用来施用氮。大约59％的被调查农民在播种前的春季使用了大部分的氮肥，32.5％的农户在秋季种植了主要的氮肥，9％的农民在玉米出苗后减少了大部分的氮肥。大多数农民使用无水氨（46％）或尿素（45％）作为氮肥的主要来源，而6.5％的农民使用液态氮制剂作为氮素的主要来源。在过去的5年中，土壤测试被用作84％的被调查田地的肥力管理工具。总体结果表明，明尼苏达州玉米种植者使用的氮肥总体上符合明尼苏达大学推广氮肥管理指南。可以通过为先前的大豆作物获取足够的氮素来改善氮肥的使用。在该州中南部地区，通过增加硝化抑制剂和秋季施用的无水氨的使用量或将无水氨的施用推迟到春季才有可能改善肥料氮的回收。数字对象标识符http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016 / j.agsy.2012.02.004

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