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首页> 外文期刊>Agricultural Water Management >Assessing the groundwater dynamics and impacts of water saving in the Hetao Irrigation District, Yellow River basin.
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Assessing the groundwater dynamics and impacts of water saving in the Hetao Irrigation District, Yellow River basin.

机译：评估黄河流域河套灌区的地下水动态和节水影响。

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摘要

Water resources allocated to the agricultural sector in the Yellow River basin are being reduced due to severe water scarcity and increased demand by the non-agricultural sectors. In large-scale irrigation districts, the application of water-saving practices, e.g., improving the canal system, using water-saving irrigation technology and adjusting cropping patterns, is required for the sustainable agricultural development and the river basin environmental equilibrium. Adopting water-saving practices leads to lowering the groundwater table and to controlling salinity impacts related to excessive irrigation. However, assessing the effects of water-saving practices on the groundwater system requires further investigation. The Jiefangzha Irrigation Scheme of the Hetao Irrigation District is used as a case study for analyzing the temporal and spatial dynamics of the groundwater table. A lumped parameter groundwater balance model has been developed with this purpose and to assess impacts of various water-saving practices. The model was calibrated with monthly datasets relative to the non-frozen periods of 1997-1999 and validated with datasets from 2000 to 2002. Results indicate that canal seepage and deep percolation account for respectively 48% and 44% of the annual groundwater recharge. Groundwater discharge by direct evaporation and plant roots uptake represents 82% of the total annual groundwater discharge. After validation, the model was applied to assess the impacts of various canal and farm irrigation water-saving practices. It was observed that improvements in the canal system (e.g., canal lining, upgrading the hydraulic regulation and control structures, improving delivery schedules) might lower the groundwater table by 0.28-0.48 m, depending upon the level of implementation of these measures. Higher declines of the groundwater table are predicted when water-saving technologies are applied at both the canal and the farm systems. That decline of the water table favours salinity control and reduces capillary rise, thus reducing the groundwater evaporation and uptake by plant roots; that reduction may attain 128 mm. However, predictions may change depending on the way how water-saving measures are applied, which may be different of assumptions made; therefore, there is the need to perform a follow-up of the interventions in order to update predictions. Results indicate the need for appropriate research leading to improved irrigation management when the decline of the groundwater level will reduce groundwater contribution to vegetation growth.
机译：由于严重的缺水和非农业部门的需求增加，分配给黄河流域农业部门的水资源正在减少。在大规模灌溉区，需要节水措施，例如，通过使用节水灌溉技术和调整种植方式来改善运河系统，以实现农业的可持续发展和流域环境的平衡。采用节水措施会降低地下水位并控制与过度灌溉有关的盐分影响。但是，评估节水措施对地下水系统的影响需要进一步调查。以河套灌区解放闸灌溉方案为例，分析地下水位的时空动态。为此，已经开发了集总参数地下水平衡模型，并评估了各种节水实践的影响。该模型使用相对于1997-1999年非冻结期的每月数据集进行了校准，并使用2000-2002年的数据集进行了验证。结果表明，渠道的渗漏和深层渗流分别占年地下水补给量的48％和44％。直接蒸发和植物根系吸收引起的地下水排放量占年度地下水排放总量的82％。验证之后，该模型将用于评估各种渠道和农场灌溉节水实践的影响。据观察，根据这些措施的实施水平，对运河系统的改进（例如，运河衬砌，升级水力调节和控制结构，改善交付时间表）可能会使地下水位降低0.28-0.48 m。当在运河和农田系统中都采用节水技术时，预计地下水位将下降更多。地下水位的下降有利于控制盐分并减少毛细血管的上升，从而减少了地下水蒸发和植物根系的吸收。缩小可能达到128毫米。但是，预测可能会根据节水措施的实施方式而有所不同，这可能与所作的假设有所不同。因此，有必要对干预措施进行跟踪以更新预测。结果表明，当地下水位下降将减少地下水对植被生长的贡献时，需要进行适当的研究以改善灌溉管理。

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