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Surface modification and endothelialization of polyurethane for vascular tissue engineering applications: a review

机译:血管组织工程应用聚氨酯的表面改性及内皮化:综述

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摘要

Cardiovascular implants, especially vascular grafts made of synthetic polymers, find wide clinical applications in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, cases of failure still exist, notably caused by restenosis and thrombus formation. Aiming to solve these problems, various approaches to surface modification of synthetic vascular grafts have been used to improve both the hemocompatibility and long-term patency of artificial vascular grafts. Surface modification using hydrophilic molecules can enhance hemocompatibility, but this may limit the initial vascular endothelial cell adhesion. Therefore, the improvement of endothelialization on these grafts with specific peptides and biomolecules is now an exciting field of research. In this review, several techniques to improve surface modification and endothelialization on vascular grafts, mainly polyurethane (PU) grafts, are summarized, together with the recent development and evolution of the different strategies: from the use of PEG, zwitterions, and polysaccharides to peptides and other biomolecules and genes; from in vitro endothelialization to in vivo endothelialization; and from bio-inert and bio-active to bio-mimetic approaches.
机译:心血管植入物,尤其是由合成聚合物制成的血管移植物,在治疗心血管疾病的治疗中找到了广泛的临床应用。然而,失败的病例仍然存在,特别是由再狭窄和血栓形成引起的。旨在解决这些问题,用于改善人工血管移植物的血液相容性和长期通畅的各种表面改性的各种方法。使用亲水分子的表面改性可以增强血液振动性,但这可能限制初始血管内皮细胞粘附。因此,具有特异性肽和生物分子的这些移植物上内皮化的改善现在是一个令人兴奋的研究领域。在该综述中,若干技术以改善血管移植物,主要​​是聚氨酯(PU)移植物,以及最近的不同策略的开发和演变,以及使用PEG,两加管和多糖对肽的肽和其他生物分子和基因;从体外内皮化到体内内皮化;从生物惰性和生物活跃到生物模拟方法。

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