Mechanistic insights of host cell fusion of SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 from atomic resolution structure and membrane dynamics

Chakraborty Hirak; Bhattacharjya Surajit

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Mechanistic insights of host cell fusion of SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 from atomic resolution structure and membrane dynamics

机译：原子分辨率和膜动力学中SARS-COV-1和SARS-COV-2宿主细胞融合的机械洞察

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The emerging and re-emerging viral diseases are continuous threats to the wellbeing of human life. Previous outbreaks of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS had evidenced potential threats of coronaviruses in human health. The recent pandemic due to SARS-CoV-2 is overwhelming and has been going beyond control. Vaccines and antiviral drugs are ungently required to mitigate the pandemic. Therefore, it is important to comprehend the mechanistic details of viral infection process. The fusion between host cell and virus being the first step of infection, understanding the fusion mechanism could provide crucial information to intervene the infection process. Interestingly, all enveloped viruses contain fusion protein on their envelope that acts as fusion machine. For coronaviruses, the spike or S glycoprotein mediates successful infection through receptor binding and cell fusion. The cell fusion process requires merging of virus and host cell membranes, and that is essentially performed by the S2 domain of the S glycoprotein. In this review, we have discussed cell fusion mechanism of SARS-CoV-1 from available atomic resolution structures and membrane binding of fusion peptides. We have further discussed about the cell fusion of SARS-CoV-2 in the context of present pandemic situation.

机译：新兴和重新出现的病毒疾病是对人类生活的福祉的持续威胁。以前的严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS）和中东呼吸综合征（Mers已经证明了冠心病患者在人类健康中的潜在威胁。由于SARS-COV-2引起的大流行是压倒性的，并且已经超越控制。疫苗和抗病毒药物无需减轻大流行。因此，理解病毒感染过程的机制细节是重要的。宿主细胞与病毒之间的融合是感染的第一步，了解融合机制可以提供介入感染过程的重要信息。有趣的是，所有包膜病毒在其信封上含有融合蛋白，其充当融合机。对于冠状病毒，尖峰或糖蛋白通过受体结合和细胞融合介导成功感染。细胞融合过程需要合并病毒和宿主细胞膜，以及这基本上由S糖蛋白的S2结构域进行。在本次审查中，我们已经讨论了SARS-COV-1的细胞融合机理，从融合肽的可用原子分辨率结构和膜结合中讨论了SARS-COV-1。我们进一步讨论了SARS-COV-2的细胞融合在现状的大流行情况的背景下。

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来源
《Biophysical Chemistry: An International Journal Devoted to the Physical Chemistry of Biological Phenomena》 |2020年第1期|共11页
作者
Chakraborty Hirak; Bhattacharjya Surajit;
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作者单位

Sambalpur Univ Sch Chem Burla 768019 Odisha India;

Nanyang Technol Univ Sch Biol Sci 60 Nanyang Dr Singapore 637551 Singapore;

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原文格式 PDF
正文语种 eng
中图分类生物化学;
关键词
SARS-CoV-1; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; Fusion peptide; Fusion protein; Cell fusion;

机译：SARS-COV-1;SARS-COV-2;Covid-19;融合肽;融合蛋白;细胞融合;

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Mechanistic insights of host cell fusion of SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 from atomic resolution structure and membrane dynamics

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