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首页> 外文期刊>Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America >Modeling of Empirical Transfer Functions with 3D Velocity Structure
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Modeling of Empirical Transfer Functions with 3D Velocity Structure

机译：3D速度结构的经验传递函数的建模

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Empirical transfer functions (ETFs) between seismic records observed at the surface and depth represent a powerful tool to estimate site effects for earthquake hazard analysis. However, conventional modeling of site amplification, with assumptions of horizontally polarized shear waves propagating vertically through 1D layered homogeneous media, often poorly predicts the ETFs, particularly, in which large lateral variations of velocity are present. Here, we test whether more accurate site effects can be obtained from theoretical transfer functions (TTFs) extracted from physics-based simulations that naturally incorporate the complex material properties. We select two well-documented downhole sites (the KiK-net site TKCH05 in Japan and the Garner Valley site, Garner Valley Downhole Array, in southern California) for our study. The 3D subsurface geometry at the two sites is estimated by means of the surface topography near the sites and information from the shear-wave profiles obtained from borehole logs. By comparing the TTFs to ETFs at the selected sites, we show how simulations using the calibrated 3D models can significantly improve site amplification estimates as compared to 1D model predictions. The primary reason for this improvement in 3D models is redirection of scattering from vertically propagating to more realistic obliquely propagating waves, which alleviates artificial amplification at nodes in the vertical-incidence response of corresponding 1D approximations, resulting in improvement of site effect estimation. The results demonstrate the importance of reliable calibration of subsurface structure and material properties in site response studies.
机译：在地表和深度观测到的地震记录之间的经验传递函数（ETF）是地震危险性分析中估计场地效应的有力工具。然而，基于水平极化剪切波在一维层状均匀介质中垂直传播的假设，场地放大的传统建模通常无法很好地预测ETF，尤其是在速度存在较大横向变化的情况下。在这里，我们测试是否可以从从基于物理的模拟中提取的理论传递函数（TTF）中获得更精确的位置效应，该模拟自然地结合了复杂的材料特性。我们选择了两个记录良好的井下现场（日本的KiK net现场TKCH05和南加州的Garner Valley现场Garner Valley Downlower Array）进行研究。通过现场附近的地表地形和从钻孔记录中获得的剪切波剖面信息，估算了两个现场的三维地下几何结构。通过比较选定地点的TTF和ETF，我们展示了与一维模型预测相比，使用校准的3D模型进行模拟可以显著提高地点放大率估计。3D模型中这种改进的主要原因是将散射从垂直传播改为更真实的斜传播波，这减轻了相应一维近似的垂直入射响应中节点处的人为放大，从而改善了场地效应估计。结果表明，在现场响应研究中，地下结构和材料特性的可靠校准非常重要。

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