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Human lung ex vivo infection models

机译：人肺前体内感染模型

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Pneumonia is counted among the leading causes of death worldwide. Viruses, bacteria and pathogen-related molecules interact with cells present in the human alveolus by numerous, yet poorly understood ways. Traditional cell culture models little reflect the cellular composition, matrix complexity and three-dimensional architecture of the human lung. Integrative animal models suffer from species differences, which are of particular importance for the investigation of zoonotic lung diseases. The use of cultured ex vivo infected human lung tissue may overcome some of these limitations and complement traditional models. The present review gives an overview of common bacterial lung infections, such as pneumococcal infection and of widely neglected pathogens modeled in ex vivo infected lung tissue. The role of ex vivo infected lung tissue for the investigation of emerging viral zoonosis including influenza A virus and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus is discussed. Finally, further directions for the elaboration of such models are revealed. Overall, the introduced models represent meaningful and robust methods to investigate principles of pathogen-host interaction in original human lung tissue.
机译：肺炎被列为全球主要死亡原因之一。病毒、细菌和病原体相关分子通过多种方式与人类肺泡中的细胞相互作用，但人们对此知之甚少。传统的细胞培养模型很少反映人类肺的细胞组成、基质复杂性和三维结构。综合性动物模型存在物种差异，这对人畜共患病的研究尤为重要。使用体外培养的受感染人肺组织可以克服其中一些限制，并补充传统模型。本文综述了常见的细菌性肺部感染，如肺炎球菌感染，以及在体外感染的肺组织中被广泛忽视的病原体。本文讨论了体外感染肺组织在研究新出现的病毒性人畜共患病（包括甲型流感病毒和中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒）中的作用。最后，揭示了进一步细化此类模型的方向。总的来说，介绍的模型代表了研究原始人类肺组织中病原体-宿主相互作用原理的有意义且稳健的方法。

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