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Effects of omalizumab on basophils: Potential biomarkers in asthma and chronic spontaneous urticaria

机译：omalizumab对嗜碱性粒细胞的影响：哮喘和慢性自发性荨麻疹的潜在生物标志物

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摘要

Omalizumab is an anti-IgE humanized monoclonal antibody approved for the treatment of severe asthma and chronic spontaneous urticaria. Omalizumab binds free serum IgE and antagonizes its interaction with Fc epsilon RI, which is considered the main pharmacodynamic mechanism responsible for the clinical response to the treatment. The reduction of IgE serum concentration down-regulates the cellular expression of Fc epsilon RI on basophils. However, the biological events occurring on basophils during the therapy with omalizumab are multiple and complex. Here we review the current evidence regarding the specific biological effects of omalizumab on basophils in patients with asthma and chronic spontaneous urticaria. In addition to the modulation of IgE receptors, omalizumab may affect basophils homeostasis, intra-cellular signaling, cellular responsiveness/activation and cytokine release. These effects may be partially responsible for the clinical success of omalizumab and potentially provide useful biological markers for future assessment of the clinical response to the treatment. However, further investigation is required to better elucidate the role of basophils during the treatment with omalizumab.
机译：Omalizumab是一种抗IgE人源化单克隆抗体，被批准用于治疗严重哮喘和慢性自发性荨麻疹。奥马利珠单抗结合游离血清IgE并拮抗其与Fc-epsilon-RI的相互作用，后者被认为是导致治疗临床反应的主要药效学机制。IgE血清浓度的降低可下调嗜碱性粒细胞上FcεRI的细胞表达。然而，在奥马利珠单抗治疗过程中，嗜碱性粒细胞发生的生物事件是多方面的、复杂的。在这里，我们回顾了关于奥马利珠单抗对哮喘和慢性自发性荨麻疹患者嗜碱性粒细胞的特异性生物学效应的最新证据。除了调节IgE受体外，奥马利珠单抗还可能影响嗜碱性粒细胞内稳态、细胞内信号传导、细胞反应性/激活和细胞因子释放。这些效应可能是奥马利珠单抗临床成功的部分原因，并可能为未来评估治疗的临床反应提供有用的生物标志物。然而，需要进一步的研究来更好地阐明嗜碱性粒细胞在奥马利珠单抗治疗中的作用。

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