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Protein arginine methyltransferase 5: a potential cancer therapeutic target

机译：蛋白质精氨酸甲基转移酶5：潜在的癌症治疗靶标

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Background PRMT5 is a type II protein arginine methyltransferase that methylates histone or non-histone proteins. Arginine methylation by PRMT5 has been implicated in gene transcription, ribosome biogenesis, RNA transport, pre-mRNA splicing and signal transduction. High expression of PRMT5 has been observed in various cancers and PRMT5 overexpression has been reported to improve cancer cell survival, proliferation, migration and metabolism and to inhibit cancer cell apoptosis. In addition, PRMT5 has been found to be required for cancer stem cell survival, self-renewal and differentiation. Several microRNAs have been shown to regulate PRMT5 expression. As PRMT5 has oncogene-like properties, several PRMT5 inhibitors have been used to explore their efficacy as potential drugs for different types of cancer, and three of them are now being tested in clinical trials. Conclusions In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the role of PRMT5 in cancer development and progression, including its functions and underlying mechanisms. In addition, we highlight the rapid development of PRMT5 inhibitors and summarize ongoing clinical trials for cancer therapy. By affecting both tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment, PRMT5 inhibitors may serve as effective anti-cancer agents, especially when combined with immune therapies.
机译：背景PRMT5是一种II型蛋白精氨酸甲基转移酶，可使组蛋白或非组蛋白甲基化。PRMT5的精氨酸甲基化与基因转录、核糖体生物发生、RNA转运、前体mRNA剪接和信号转导有关。PRMT5在各种癌症中都有高表达，据报道，PRMT5过度表达可改善癌细胞的存活、增殖、迁移和代谢，并抑制癌细胞凋亡。此外，已发现PRMT5是癌症干细胞存活、自我更新和分化所必需的。一些微RNA已经被证明可以调节PRMT5的表达。由于PRMT5具有类似癌基因的特性，一些PRMT5抑制剂已被用于探索其作为治疗不同类型癌症的潜在药物的疗效，其中三种目前正在临床试验中测试。结论在这篇综述中，我们总结了PRMT5在癌症发展和进展中作用的最新知识，包括其功能和潜在机制。此外，我们强调了PRMT5抑制剂的快速发展，并总结了正在进行的癌症治疗临床试验。通过影响肿瘤细胞和肿瘤微环境，PRMT5抑制剂可以作为有效的抗癌药物，尤其是与免疫疗法结合使用时。

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