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首页> 外文期刊>Annales >Coticule of Vielsalm and Lierneux (Belgium): a whetstone with a worldwide distribution
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Coticule of Vielsalm and Lierneux (Belgium): a whetstone with a worldwide distribution

机译：Vielsalm和Lierneux的Coticule（比利时）：在世界范围内分布的磨刀石

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摘要

— The coticule is an Ordovicicm aged metamorphic rock only present in the southern part of the Stavelot Massif in the towns of Vielsalm and Lierneux. It appears in centimeter thick layers consisting in micrometric crystals of spessartite, microphyllites of micas, infra micrometer quartz. Its exceptional metal sharpening properties (razor sharp thin, sharp broad, sharp curve) gave its reputation of a natural abrasive stone and a global distribution (barber, circumciser, surgeon, butcher, carpenter, cabinetmaker, arborist, gardener, winemaker, tanner, coachbuilder...). Exploited and shaped since the 16th century, the coticule was exported as a whetstone (a.k.a. razor stone), the "bouts belges" and to special shapes. It was operated by craftsmen, primarily from the surface in open pits, in trenches and then by underground galleries, following the evolution of mining techniques of lighting and drainage. The material was sawn, adjusted to standard sizes and polished by the quarry workers and further then in small workshops. The high number of models, the various steps entirely manual, the low yield (2-5%), competition from synthetic stones, and the disappearance of part of the customer after the Second World War sounded the death knell of this unique activity. Located in Lierneux, a quarry today still operates the coticule and most of its production is exported to the United States of America. The old mining galleries are nowadays the winter refuge of bats populations. They are considered as cavities of scientific interest. Finally, the Museum of the Coticule in Salmchateau (Vielsalm) presents this manufacturing industry with a global destiny.
机译：—骨灰质是仅在Vielsalm和Lierneux镇的Stavelot地块南部存在的Ordovicicm变质岩石。它出现在几厘米厚的层中，该层由白云母的微米级晶体，云母的微沸石，红外测微石英组成。其出色的金属锐化特性（锋利的锐利的刀刃，锋利的宽阔，锋利的曲线）使其享有天然磨石的美誉，并在全球范围内享有盛誉（理发师，割包皮匠，外科医生，屠夫，木匠，橱柜匠，树木匠，园丁，酿酒师，制革商，马车制造商...）。自从16世纪以来就被开发和成型，该糖浆以磨刀石（又名剃刀石），“回合bel”和特殊形状的形式出口。它是由工匠操作的，主要是从露天的地面，沟渠开始，然后是地下画廊，然后随着照明和排水采矿技术的发展而进行操作。将材料锯开，调整为标准尺寸，然后由采石场工人进行抛光，然后再在小型车间中进行抛光。大量的模型，完全手动的各个步骤，低的产量（2-5％），人造石的竞争以及第二次世界大战后部分客户的消失，敲响了这一独特活动的丧钟。如今，位于莱尔纳克斯（Lierneux）的一个采石场仍在使用该糖浆，其大部分产品出口到美国。如今，古老的采矿馆是蝙蝠种群的冬季避难所。它们被认为是具有科学意义的空腔。最终，萨尔姆沙托的胶体博物馆（Vielsalm）向全球制造业展示了这一命运。

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