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Electrodynamics of spin currents in superconductors

机译：超导体中自旋电流的电动力学

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In recent work we formulated a new set of electrodynamic equations for superconductors as an alternative to the conventional London equations, compatible with the prediction of the theory of hole superconductivity that superconductors expel negative charge from the interior towards the surface. Charge expulsion results in a macroscopically inhomogeneous charge distribution and an electric field in the interior, and because of this a spin current is expected to exist. Furthermore, we have recently shown that a dynamical explanation of the Meissner effect in superconductors leads to the prediction that a spontaneous spin current exists near the surface of superconductors (spin Meissner effect). In this paper we extend the electrodynamic equations proposed earlier for the charge density and charge current to describe also the space and time dependence of the spin density and spin current. This allows us to determine the magnitude of the expelled negative charge and interior electric field as well as of the spin current in terms of other measurable properties of superconductors. We also provide a 'geometric' interpretation of the difference between type I and type II superconductors, discuss how superconductors manage to conserve angular momentum, discuss the relationship between our model and Slater's seminal work on superconductivity, and discuss the magnitude of the expected novel effects for elemental and other superconductors. (C) 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
机译：在最近的工作中，我们为超导体制定了一套新的电动方程，以替代常规的伦敦方程，这与空穴超导理论的预测兼容，空穴超导理论将超导体从内部向表面释放负电荷。电荷排出导致宏观上不均匀的电荷分布和内部的电场，因此，期望存在自旋电流。此外，我们最近发现，对超导体中的迈斯纳效应的动力学解释导致了以下预测：自发的自旋电流存在于超导体的表面附近（自旋迈斯纳效应）。在本文中，我们扩展了先前针对电荷密度和充电电流提出的电动方程，以描述自旋密度和自旋电流的时空依赖性。这使我们能够根据超导体的其他可测量特性来确定排出的负电荷和内部电场的大小以及自旋电流的大小。我们还提供了I型和II型超导体之间差异的“几何”解释，讨论了超导体如何设法保持角动量，讨论了我们的模型与Slater关于超导性的开创性工作之间的关系，并讨论了预期的新颖效应的幅度用于元素和其他超导体。 （C）2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH＆Co.KGaA，Weinheim。

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