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首页> 外文期刊>Animal Production Science >Research management, institutional arrangements and the quest for integration in mixed-farming innovation: the emergence of point-of-practice integration. (Special Issue: Grain & Graze: an innovative triple bottom line approach to collaborative andmultidisciplinary mixed-farming systems research, development and extension.)
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Research management, institutional arrangements and the quest for integration in mixed-farming innovation: the emergence of point-of-practice integration. (Special Issue: Grain & Graze: an innovative triple bottom line approach to collaborative andmultidisciplinary mixed-farming systems research, development and extension.)

机译：研究管理，机构安排和混合农业创新中对整合的追求：实践点整合的出现。 （特刊：“谷物与放牧”：一种创新的三重底线方法，用于协作和多学科的混合农业系统的研究，开发和扩展。）

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Modern science and contemporary research and development programs are characterised by societal, managerial and political expectation that they be integrated. For some this means paying attention to the principles of the triple bottom line; for others it is about taking a holistic approach to finding solutions to complex problems; whereas for yet others it is about maximising co-investment, partnerships and collaboration and focusing these on the problems of the day. Each of these aspirations involves integration, although in very different ways. Grain & Graze attempted to deal with all these forms. With highly specified objectives and targets dealing with economic, environmental and social outcomes, 66 partners involving three scales of governance as well as science and community collaborators, and multidisciplinary research teams working across 50 or so research projects, integration was the catchcry of Grain & Graze. At its core the program dealt with cropping and grazing farming systems, adding yet another dimension of integration to the mix. This paper explores each of the forms of integration and the institutional arrangements in Grain & Graze that either supported or limited their success. It finds that frameworks for integration are highly challenged when these several forms of integration take place simultaneously, particularly when the expectations among diverse stakeholders about integration are unclear and when there is scant expertise and experience in operating within integrated frameworks. Under such situations, point-of-practice integration becomes a critical form of integration, a form which can and should be planned for at the commencement of complex research programs involving an on-ground adoption expectation.
机译：现代科学和当代研究与开发计划的特点是社会，管理和政治方面的期望，使其融合在一起。对于某些人来说，这意味着要注意三重底线的原则;对于其他人而言，则是采取整体方法来找到复杂问题的解决方案;而对于其他方面，则是要最大化共同投资，伙伴关系和合作，并将这些关注点放在当今的问题上。每个愿望都涉及整合，尽管方式非常不同。 Grain＆Graze尝试处理所有这些形式。凭借涉及经济，环境和社会成果的高度明确的目标和指标，涉及三个管理级别的66个合作伙伴以及科学和社区合作者，以及跨50多个研究项目的多学科研究团队，整合是Grain＆Graze的口号。该计划的核心是种植和放牧农作系统，为混合种植增加了另一个层面。本文探讨了Grain＆Graze中支持或限制其成功的每种整合形式和制度安排。它发现，当同时进行几种整合形式时，尤其是当不同利益相关者对整合的期望不明确以及在整合框架内缺乏专业知识和经验时，整合框架将面临巨大挑战。在这种情况下，实践点集成成为集成的一种重要形式，这种形式可以并且应该在涉及实际采用期望的复杂研究计划开始时进行计划。

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