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首页> 外文期刊>Parasitology >Conditional persistence and tolerance characterize endoparasite-colonial host interactions
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Conditional persistence and tolerance characterize endoparasite-colonial host interactions

机译：条件持久性和宽容表征内容性 - 殖民宿主互动

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摘要

Colonial hosts offer unique opportunities for exploitation by endoparasites resulting from extensive clonal propagation, but these interactions are poorly understood. The freshwater bryozoan, Fredericella sultana, and the myxozoan, Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, present an appropriate model system for examining such interactions. F. sultana propagates mainly asexually, through colony fragmentation and dormant propagules (statoblasts). Our study examines how T. bryosalmonae exploits the multiple transmission routes offered by the propagation of F. sultana, evaluates the effects of such transmission on its bryozoan host, and tests the hypothesis that poor host condition provokes T. bryosalmonae to bail out of a resource that may soon be unsustainable, demonstrating terminal investment. We show that infections are present in substantial proportions of colony fragments and statoblasts over space and time and that moderate infection levels promote statoblast hatching and hence effective fecundity. We also found evidence for terminal investment, with host starvation inducing the development of transmission stages. Our results contribute to a growing picture that interactions of T. bryosalmonae and F. sultana are generally characterized by parasite persistence, facilitated by multiple transmission pathways and host condition-dependent developmental cycling, and host tolerance, promoted by effective fecundity effects and an inherent capacity for renewed growth and clonal replication.
机译：由于广泛的克隆繁殖，群体寄主为内寄生生物的利用提供了独特的机会，但这些相互作用却鲜为人知。淡水苔藓虫Fredericella sultana和粘液虫Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae为研究这种相互作用提供了一个合适的模型系统。F.sultana主要通过菌落分裂和休眠繁殖体（statoblasts）进行无性繁殖。我们的研究考察了苔藓单胞菌如何利用F.sultana繁殖提供的多种传播途径，评估了这种传播对其苔藓虫宿主的影响，并检验了宿主条件差导致苔藓单胞菌摆脱可能很快就不可持续的资源的假设，这表明了终端投资。我们表明，在空间和时间上，感染以大量的菌落碎片和静止成纤维细胞存在，适度的感染水平促进静止成纤维细胞孵化，从而提高有效的繁殖力。我们还发现了终端投资的证据，宿主饥饿导致了传播阶段的发展。我们的结果有助于一个日益增长的画面，即苔藓单胞菌和苏丹镰刀菌的相互作用通常以寄生虫持久性为特征，由多种传播途径和宿主条件依赖的发育循环促进，以及宿主耐受性，由有效的繁殖力效应和再生生长和克隆复制的固有能力促进。

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