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Neural mechanisms underlying incubation of methamphetamine craving: A mini-review

机译：甲基苯丙胺培养的神经机制：迷你评论

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摘要

Cue-induced drug craving and seeking progressively increases during abstinence. This "incubation of drug craving" phenomenon has been observed in both laboratory animals and humans. Preclinical studies identified several neural mechanisms underlying incubation of drug craving after forced abstinence, primarily focusing on cocaine. Recently, studies started focusing on another powerful psychostimulant, methamphetamine (Meth), and developed new incubation procedures (choice-induced and punishment-induced abstinence). Here, we review mechanistic studies at the circuit, synaptic and molecular levels on incubation of Meth craving. First, we provide an overview of neural adaptations associated with prolonged forced abstinence after extended-access Meth self-administration. Next, we review studies examining the causal roles of discrete brain regions and associated circuits, glutamate transmission, histone deacetylase 5 and oxytocin in incubation of Meth craving after forced abstinence. Lastly, we review causal and correlational studies examining the mechanisms underlying incubation of Meth craving after choice-induced voluntary abstinence and punishment-induced abstinence, respectively. We conclude by discussing the translational potential of these mechanistic studies in Meth relapse prevention in human drug users.
机译：线索诱导的药物渴求和寻求在禁欲期间逐渐增加。这种“药物渴求潜伏期”现象在实验动物和人类身上都观察到过。临床前研究确定了几种神经机制，它们是强迫戒断后药物渴求潜伏期的基础，主要集中在可卡因上。最近，研究开始关注另一种强大的精神刺激剂甲基苯丙胺（Meth），并开发了新的孵化程序（选择诱导和惩罚诱导的禁欲）。在这里，我们回顾了在回路、突触和分子水平上对甲基苯丙胺渴求潜伏期的机制研究。首先，我们概述了长期服用冰毒后与长期强迫戒断相关的神经适应。接下来，我们回顾了研究离散脑区和相关回路、谷氨酸传递、组蛋白去乙酰化酶5和催产素在强制戒断后甲基苯丙胺渴求潜伏期中的因果作用的研究。最后，我们回顾了分别在选择诱导的自愿戒断和惩罚诱导的戒断后，研究冰毒渴求潜在潜伏期的因果和相关研究。最后，我们讨论了这些机制研究在人类吸毒者冰毒复发预防中的转化潜力。

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