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首页> 外文期刊>Animal Reproduction Science >Interactions between negative energy balance, metabolic diseases, uterine health and immune response in transition dairy cows
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Interactions between negative energy balance, metabolic diseases, uterine health and immune response in transition dairy cows

机译：过渡型奶牛的负能量平衡，代谢疾病，子宫健康和免疫反应之间的相互作用

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摘要

The biological cycles of milk production and reproduction determine dairying profitability thus making management decisions dynamic and time-dependent. Diseases also negatively impact on net earnings of a dairy enterprise. Transition cows in particular face the challenge of negative energy balance (NEB) and/or disproportional energy metabolism (fatty liver, ketosis, subacute, acute ruminal acidosis); disturbed mineral utilization (milk fever, sub-clinical hypocalcemia); and perturbed immune function (retained placenta, metritis, mastitis). Consequently NEB and reduced dry matter intake are aggravated. The combined effects of all these challenges are reduced fertility and milk production resulting in diminishing profits. Risk factors such as NEB, inflammation and impairment of the immune response are highly cause-and-effect related. Thus, managing cows during the transition period should be geared toward reducing NEB or feeding specially formulated diets to improve immunity. Given that all cows experience a reduced feed intake and body condition, infection and inflammation of the uterus after calving, there is a need for further research on the immunology of transition dairy cows. Integrative approaches at the molecular, cellular and animal level may unravel the complex interactions between disturbed metabolism and immune function that predispose cows to periparturient diseases
机译：牛奶生产和繁殖的生物周期决定了乳制品的获利能力，从而使管理决策具有动态性和时效性。疾病还对乳品企业的净利润产生负面影响。过渡奶牛尤其面临能量负平衡（NEB）和/或能量代谢失调（脂肪肝，酮症，亚急性，急性瘤胃酸中毒）的挑战;矿物质利用受到干扰（牛奶热，亚临床低钙血症）;和免疫功能紊乱（胎盘，子宫炎，乳腺炎保留）。结果，加剧了NEB和减少的干物质摄入。所有这些挑战的综合影响是降低了生育能力和牛奶产量，导致利润减少。 NEB，炎症和免疫应答受损等危险因素与因果关系密切相关。因此，在过渡期管理母牛应减少NEB或饲喂特殊配方的饲料以提高免疫力。鉴于所有母牛在产犊后都会经历采食量减少和身体状况降低，子宫感染和子宫发炎的情况，因此有必要对过渡型奶牛的免疫学进行进一步研究。在分子，细胞和动物水平上的综合方法可能揭示代谢紊乱和免疫功能之间的复杂相互作用，从而使母牛容易患围产期疾病

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