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首页> 外文期刊>Annals of Biomedical Engineering: The Journal of the Biomedical Engineering Society >Occupant dynamics in rollover crashes: influence of roof deformation and seat belt performance on probable spinal column injury.
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Occupant dynamics in rollover crashes: influence of roof deformation and seat belt performance on probable spinal column injury.

机译：翻车事故中的乘员动态：车顶变形和安全带性能对可能的脊柱损伤的影响。

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摘要

Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death in the United States for people ages 3-33, and rollover crashes have a higher fatality rate than any other crash mode. At the request and under the sponsorship of Ford Motor Company, Autoliv conducted a series of dynamic rollover tests on Ford Explorer sport utility vehicles (SUV) during 1998 and 1999. Data from those tests were made available to the public and were analyzed in this study to investigate the magnitude of and the temporal relationship between roof deformation, lap-shoulder seat belt loads, and restrained anthropometric test dummy (ATD) neck loads. During each of the three FMVSS 208 dolly rollover tests of Ford Explorer SUVs, the far-side, passenger ATDs exhibited peak neck compression and flexion loads, which indicated a probable spinal column injury in all three tests. In those same tests, the near-side, driver ATD neck loads never predicted a potential injury. In all three tests, objective roof/pillar deformation occurred prior to the occurrence of peak neck loads (F ( z ), M ( y )) for far-side, passenger ATDs, and peak neck loads were predictive of probable spinal column injury. The production lap and shoulder seat belts in the SUVs, which restrained both driver and passenger ATDs, consistently allowed ATD head contact with the roof while the roof was contacting the ground during this 1000 ms test series. Local peak neck forces and moments were noted each time the far-side, passenger ATD head contacted ("dived into") the roof while the roof was in contact with the ground; however, the magnitude of these local peaks was only 2-13% of peak neck loads in all three tests. "Diving-type" neck loads were not predictive of injury for either driver or passenger ATD in any of the three tests.
机译：在美国，机动车撞车事故是导致3至33岁人口死亡的主要原因，翻车撞车事故的死亡率比其他任何撞车事故都要高。在福特汽车公司的要求下，在福特汽车公司的赞助下，Autoliv在1998年和1999年对福特探索者运动型多功能车（SUV）进行了一系列动态侧翻测试。这些测试的数据已公开提供给公众，并在本研究中进行了分析。研究屋顶变形，搭肩式安全带载荷和约束人体测量试验假人（ATD）颈部载荷的大小和时间关系。在Ford Explorer SUV的三个FMVSS 208多莉翻车测试中，每一个远端乘客ATD都表现出最大的颈部压缩和屈曲负荷，这表明在所有三个测试中均可能对脊柱造成伤害。在那些相同的测试中，驾驶员ATD的近侧颈部载荷从未预示可能会造成伤害。在所有这三个测试中，在远侧，乘客ATD的峰值颈部载荷（F（z），M（y））出现之前，客观的车顶/支柱变形已经发生，预示着可能的脊柱损伤。 SUV中的生产腰部和肩部安全带约束了驾驶员和乘客的ATD，在此1000毫秒的测试系列中，当车顶接触地面时，始终允许ATD头部与车顶接触。每当车顶与地面接触时，每当远端ATD乘客头部接触（“分成”）车顶时，都会记录局部峰值颈部力和力矩。但是，在所有三个测试中，这些局部峰值的大小仅为峰值颈部负载的2-13％。在这三项测试中的任何一项中，“潜水式”颈部负重均无法预测驾驶员或乘客ATD的受伤情况。

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