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Experimental Study of Thermal Field Evolution in the Short-Impending Stage Before Earthquakes

机译：地震前短暂阶段热场演化的实验研究

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Phenomena at critical points are vital for identifying the short-impending stage prior to earthquakes. The peak stress is a critical point when stress is converted from predominantly accumulation to predominantly release. We call the duration between the peak stress and instability “the meta-instability stage”, which refers to the short-impending stage of earthquakes. The meta-instability stage consists of a steady releasing quasi-static stage and an accelerated releasing quasi-dynamic stage. The turning point of the above two stages is the remaining critical point. To identify the two critical points in the field, it is necessary to study the characteristic phenomena of various physical fields in the meta-instability stage in the laboratory, and the strain and displacement variations were studied. Considering that stress and relative displacement can be detected by thermal variations and peculiarities in the full-field observations, we employed a cooled thermal infrared imaging system to record thermal variations in the meta-instability stage of stick slip events generated along a simulated, precut planer strike slip fault in a granodiorite block on a horizontally bilateral servo-controlled press machine. The experimental results demonstrate the following: (1) a large area of decreasing temperatures in wall rocks and increasing temperatures in sporadic sections of the fault indicate entrance into the meta-instability stage. (2) The rapid expansion of regions of increasing temperatures on the fault and the enhancement of temperature increase amplitude correspond to the turning point from the quasi-static stage to the quasi-dynamic stage. Our results reveal thermal indicators for the critical points prior to earthquakes that provide clues for identifying the short-impending stage of earthquakes.
机译：临界点的现象对于识别地震前的短临阶段至关重要。峰值应力是应力从主要积累转变为主要释放的临界点。我们称峰值应力和不稳定之间的持续时间为“亚不稳定阶段”，即地震的短临阶段。亚不稳定阶段包括稳定释放准静态阶段和加速释放准动态阶段。上述两个阶段的转折点是剩余的临界点。为了确定场中的两个临界点，有必要在实验室中研究亚不稳定阶段各种物理场的特征现象，并研究应变和位移变化。考虑到应力和相对位移可以通过热变化和全场观测的特点来检测，我们采用了冷却热红外成像系统来记录沿模拟轨道产生的粘滑事件亚不稳定阶段的热变化，水平双向伺服控制压力机上花岗闪长岩块体中的预切割平面走滑断层。实验结果表明：（1）大面积的围岩温度降低和断层零星部分温度升高表明进入了亚稳定阶段。（2） 断层上升温区域的快速扩展和升温幅度的增强对应于从准静态阶段到准动态阶段的转折点。我们的结果揭示了地震前临界点的热指标，为识别地震的短临阶段提供了线索。

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