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首页> 外文期刊>The Canadian journal of hospital pharmacy. >Do the Benefits of Electronic Cigarettes Outweigh the Risks?
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Do the Benefits of Electronic Cigarettes Outweigh the Risks?

机译：电子烟的好处是否超过了风险？

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THE "PRO" SIDE: Smoking is a dangerous lifestyle choice that results in increased risk of premature death or serious morbidities, such as cancer and coronary heart disease for the smoker and adverse health outcomes for the unborn children of pregnant women who smoke. Passive smoking also has serious health implications for both children and adults. The corollary of this situation is that smoking cessation is one of the most important, effective, and efficient health care interventions that can be undertaken. Within a year of quitting smoking, a former smokers chance of developing heart disease drops to half that of a continuing smoker. Between 5 and 15 years after quitting, the chance of lung cancer decreases by almost half, and the risk of dying from cancer becomes similar to that of a nonsmoker. However, smoking is a particularly addictive behaviour, and stopping is not easy. While it is possible to stop smoking with just a behavioural intervention, the introduction of complementary pharmacological treatments, such as nicotine replacement therapy and varenicline, has increased rates of smoking cessation. The pharmacy profession has played its part by providing behavioural support and supplying therapies. Societal recognition of the dangers of smoking and support for a smoke-free environment have also contributed to the overall reduction of smoking prevalence in the Western world. For example, in Canada the prevalence of smoking has declined from about 26% in 2001 to 20% in 2011 and to 13% in 2015.
机译：“赞成”的一面：吸烟是一种危险的生活方式选择，会增加吸烟者过早死亡或严重疾病的风险，如癌症和冠心病，以及吸烟孕妇未出生的孩子的不良健康后果。被动吸烟对儿童和成人都有严重的健康影响。这种情况的必然结果是，戒烟是可以采取的最重要、有效和高效的卫生保健干预措施之一。在戒烟后的一年内，曾经吸烟者患心脏病的几率降至继续吸烟者的一半。戒烟5年到15年之间，患肺癌的几率降低了近一半，死于癌症的风险与不吸烟者相似。然而，吸烟是一种特别容易上瘾的行为，戒烟并不容易。虽然仅仅通过行为干预就可以戒烟，但补充性药物治疗的引入，如尼古丁替代疗法和伐仑克林，提高了戒烟率。药学专业通过提供行为支持和治疗发挥了作用。社会对吸烟危害的认识和对无烟环境的支持也有助于西方世界吸烟流行率的总体降低。例如，在加拿大，吸烟率已从2001年的约26%下降到2011年的20%和2015年的13%。

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