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Hemorrhagic Plaques in Mild Carotid Stenosis: The Risk of Stroke

机译:轻度颈动脉狭窄的出血斑块:中风的风险

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Objectives: Embolic ischemic strokes cause significant mortality and morbidity worldwide. It has been proposed that some of these strokes are due to unstable carotid plaques with intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) but a low overall degree of stenosis. Our aim was to test a fat-saturated T1-weighted (T1WI) black-blood sequence on MRI for the detection of IPH in symptomatic individuals and to quantify the relation between IPH, severity of stenoses, and ischemic brain lesions. Materials and Methods: Sixty-two patients were examined by 3T MRI. Sequences included brain diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) as well as 3D turbo spin echo (TSE) fat-saturated black-blood T1 of the carotid bifurcations, to detect IPH as a focal intraplaque hyperintensity. Both carotid arteries were analyzed in each patient. The North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial scale was used for quantification of stenosis degree. Results: Thirty-six out of 62 patients (mean age, 74) showed brain ischemia on DWI. Fifteen of these 36 patients (42%) had associated ipsilateral IPH at the carotid bifurcation or the proximal internal carotid artery. Mean degree of stenosis in this group was 50%. In 21 patients with ischemia without IPH, the mean degree of stenosis was 44%. Conclusions: MRI with 3D TSE fat-saturated black-blood T1 technique is a safe, reliable, and noninvasive tool for the detection of IPH. A high percentage (42%) of ischemic events in patients with low- to moderate-degree stenosis were associated with IPH, an easily detectable imaging biomarker of plaque vulnerability. The ability to confirm IPH by MRI may help stratify patients into different risk and treatment groups in the future.
机译:目的:栓塞性缺血性中风在世界范围内造成显著的死亡率和发病率。有人提出,其中一些中风是由于不稳定的颈动脉斑块伴斑块内出血(IPH),但总体狭窄程度较低。我们的目的是在MRI上测试脂肪饱和T1加权(T1WI)黑血序列,以检测有症状个体的IPH,并量化IPH、狭窄严重程度和缺血性脑损伤之间的关系。材料与方法:62例患者接受3T MRI检查。序列包括脑弥散加权成像(DWI)和3D turbo自旋回波(TSE)颈动脉分叉的脂肪饱和黑血T1,以检测IPH是否为局灶性板内高信号。对每位患者的两条颈动脉进行分析。北美症状性颈动脉内膜切除试验量表用于狭窄程度的量化。结果:62例患者中36例(平均年龄74岁)DWI显示脑缺血。这36名患者中有15名(42%)在颈动脉分叉或颈内动脉近端出现同侧IPH。该组的平均狭窄程度为50%。在21例无IPH的缺血患者中,平均狭窄程度为44%。结论:MRI结合3D TSE脂肪饱和黑血T1技术是一种安全、可靠、无创的检测IPH的工具。低至中度狭窄患者中,高比例(42%)的缺血性事件与IPH有关,IPH是一种易于检测的斑块易损性成像生物标记物。通过MRI确认IPH的能力可能有助于将来将患者分为不同的风险和治疗组。

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