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首页> 外文期刊>Annals of Botany >Mineral nutrient uptake from prey and glandular phosphatase activity as a dual test of carnivory in semi-desert plants with glandular leaves suspected of carnivory.
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Mineral nutrient uptake from prey and glandular phosphatase activity as a dual test of carnivory in semi-desert plants with glandular leaves suspected of carnivory.

机译：从猎物和腺体磷酸酶活性中吸收矿物质养分，作为对具有怀疑为食肉动物腺体叶子的半沙漠植物进行食肉动物的双重测试。

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Ibicella lutea and Proboscidea parviflora are two American semi-desert species of glandular sticky plants that are suspected of carnivory as they can catch small insects. The same characteristics might also hold for two semi-desert plants with glandular sticky leaves from Israel, namely Cleome droserifolia and Hyoscyamus desertorum. The presence of proteases on foliar hairs, either secreted by the plant or commensals, detected using a simple test, has long been considered proof of carnivory. However, this test does not prove whether nutrients are really absorbed from insects by the plant. To determine the extent to which these four species are potentially carnivorous, hair secretion of phosphatases and uptake of N, P, K and Mg from fruit flies as model prey were studied in these species and in Roridula gorgonias and Drosophyllum lusitanicum for comparison. All species examined possess morphological and anatomical adaptations (hairs or emergences secreting sticky substances) to catch and kill small insects. METHODS: The presence of phosphatases on foliar hairs was tested using the enzyme-labelled fluorescence method. Dead fruit flies were applied to glandular sticky leaves of experimental plants and, after 10-15 d, mineral nutrient content in their spent carcasses was compared with initial values in intact flies after mineralization. KEY RESULTS: Phosphatase activity was totally absent on Hyoscyamus foliar hairs, a certain level of activity was usually found in Ibicella, Proboscidea and Cleome, and a strong response was found in Drosophyllum. Roridula exhibited only epidermal activity. However, only Roridula and Drosophyllum took up nutrients (N, P, K and Mg) from applied fruit flies. CONCLUSIONS: Digestion of prey and absorption of their nutrients are the major features of carnivory in plants. Accordingly, Roridula and Drosophyllum appeared to be fully carnivorous; by contrast, all other species examined are non-carnivorous as they did not meet the above criteria.
机译：Ibicella lutea和Proboscidea parviflora是美国的两种半沙漠植物，它们被认为是食肉动物，因为它们可以捕食小昆虫。具有两种来自以色列的腺状粘叶的半沙漠植物，也可以具有相同的特性，即克雷姆droserifolia和Hyoscyamus desertorum。长期以来，人们一直认为使用简单的检测方法可以检测到植物毛发或共生植物分泌的叶毛上存在的蛋白酶是食肉动物的证据。但是，该测试不能证明植物是否真的从昆虫体内吸收了养分。为了确定这四个物种的潜在食肉性程度，在这些物种中以及在野蔷薇和罗汉果（Roridula gorgonias）和褐果蝇（Drosophyllum lusitanicum）中研究了磷酸酯酶的毛发分泌和从果蝇中摄取的N，P，K和Mg作为比较对象。检查的所有物种都具有形态和解剖适应性（头发或分泌出粘性物质的涌现物）以捕获和杀死小昆虫。方法：使用酶标荧光法检测叶毛上磷酸酶的存在。将死果蝇施用到实验植物的腺状粘叶上，并在10-15天后，将其废弃their体中矿物质的养分含量与矿化后完整果蝇的初始值进行比较。关键结果：叶hyoscyamus叶毛上完全没有磷酸酶活性，通常在伊比利亚菌，长鼻螨和艳蝶科中发现一定水平的活性，而在果蝇中则发现了强烈的反应。罗氏菌仅表现出表皮活性。但是，只有Roridula和Drosophyllum吸收了所施用果蝇的养分（N，P，K和Mg）。结论：猎物的消化和营养的吸收是植物食肉动物的主要特征。因此，Roridula和Drosophyllum似乎是肉食性的。相比之下，所检查的所有其他物种都不符合肉食性，因为它们不符合上述标准。

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