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首页> 外文期刊>Animal Cognition >Does spatial learning ability of common voles (Microtus arvalis) and bank voles (Myodes glareolus) constrain foraging efficiency
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Does spatial learning ability of common voles (Microtus arvalis) and bank voles (Myodes glareolus) constrain foraging efficiency

机译：普通田鼠（田鼠）和岸田鼠（Myodes glareolus）的空间学习能力是否会限制觅食效率

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Place learning abilities represent adaptations that contribute also to foraging efficiency under given spatio-temporal conditions. We investigated if this ability in turn constrains decision making in two sympatric vole species: while the herbivorous common vole (Microtus arvalis) feeds on spatio-temporally predictable food resources (e.g. roots, tubers and shoots of plant tubers), the omnivorous bank vole (Myodes glareolus) additionally subsists on temporally unpredictable food resources (e.g. insects and seeds). Here, we compare the spatial reference memory and working memory of the two species. In an automated operant home cage with eight water places, female voles either had to learn the fixed position of non-depletable places (reference memory task) or learn and avoid previously visited water places depleted in a single visit (win-shift task). In the reference memory task, Microtus females required significantly more choices to find all water places, initially performed slightly worse than Myodes females, and displayed slightly lower asymptotic performance. Both species were highly similar in new learning of the same task. In the more complex win-shift task, asymptotic performance was significantly lower in Microtus (72% correct) than in Myodes (79%). Our results suggest that both vole species resemble each other in their efficiency to exploit habitats with low spatio-temporal complexity but may differ in their efficiency at exploiting habitats with temporally changing spatial food distributions. The results imply that spatial ability adjusted to specific food distributions may impair flexible use of habitats that differ in their food distribution and therefore, decrease a species' chances of survival in highly dynamic environments.
机译：在给定的时空条件下，场所学习能力代表了适应，也有助于提高觅食效率。我们研究了这种能力是否反过来限制了两种同伴田鼠的决策：草食性普通田鼠（田鼠（Microtus arvalis））以时空可预测的食物资源（例如块根，块茎和植物块茎为食）为食，杂食性银行田鼠（另外，它们还存在于暂时无法预测的食物资源（例如昆虫和种子）上。在这里，我们比较两种物种的空间参考记忆和工作记忆。在一个有八个水位的自动化操作性家笼中，雌田鼠要么必须学习非消耗性位置的固定位置（参考记忆任务），要么要学习并避免单次探访中曾经被消耗掉的水位（双班任务）。在参考记忆任务中，田鼠的雌性需要更多的选择才能找到所有的水地方，起初的表现要比迈德斯雌性稍差，并且表现出的渐近性稍低。在同一个任务的新学习中，这两个物种高度相似。在更复杂的胜负转换任务中，Microtus的渐近性能（正确率为72％）明显低于Myodes的渐进性能（79％）。我们的研究结果表明，两种田鼠在开发时空复杂度较低的栖息地方面彼此相似，但在开发随空间食物分布随时间变化的栖息地方面可能有所不同。结果表明，针对特定食物分布调整的空间能力可能会损害其食物分布不同的栖息地的灵活利用，因此会降低物种在高度动态的环境中生存的机会。

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