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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Applied Psychology >There's No Team in I: How Observers Perceive Individual Creativity in a Team Setting
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There's No Team in I: How Observers Perceive Individual Creativity in a Team Setting

机译：我没有团队：观察者如何在团队环境中感知个人创造力

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摘要

Creativity is highly valued in organizations as an important source of innovation. As most creative projects require the efforts of groups of individuals working together, it is important to understand how creativity is perceived for team products, including how observers attribute creative ability to focal actors who worked as part of a creative team. Evidence from three experiments suggests that observers commit the fundamental attribution error-systematically discounting the contribution of the group when assessing the creative ability of a single group representative, particularly when the group itself is not visually salient. In a pilot study, we found that, in the context of the design team at Apple, a target group member visually depicted alone is perceived to have greater personal creative ability than when he is visually depicted with his team. In Study 1, using a sample of managers, we conceptually replicated this finding and further observed that, when shown alone, a target member of a group that produced a creative product is perceived to be as creative as an individual described as working alone on the same output. In Study 2, we replicated the findings of Study 1 and also observed that a target group member depicted alone, rather than with his team, is also attributed less creative ability for uncreative group output. Findings are discussed in light of how overattribution of individual creative ability can harm organizations in the long run.
机译：创造力作为创新的重要来源，在组织中受到高度重视。由于大多数创意项目都需要团队成员的共同努力，因此了解团队产品的创造力是如何被感知的非常重要，包括观察者如何将创造力归因于作为创意团队一部分工作的主要参与者。来自三个实验的证据表明，观察者在评估单个群体代表的创造力时，系统地忽略了群体的贡献，尤其是当群体本身在视觉上并不突出时，会犯基本的归因错误。在一项试点研究中，我们发现，在苹果的设计团队中，单独视觉描绘的目标群体成员被认为比与团队一起视觉描绘的成员具有更大的个人创造力。在研究1中，我们使用了一个管理者样本，从概念上复制了这一发现，并进一步观察到，当单独展示时，生产创意产品的群体中的目标成员被认为与单独完成相同产出的个体一样有创意。在研究2中，我们复制了研究1的发现，还观察到单独描述的目标群体成员，而不是与他的团队，也被认为是非创造性群体输出的创造力较低。这些发现是根据个人创造力的过度分配如何长期损害组织的角度进行讨论的。

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