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Natural mixing of species: novel plant-animal communities on Caribbean Islands

机译：物种的自然混合：加勒比海群岛上新颖的动植物群落

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摘要

Global anthropogenic activities are responsible for the modification of landscapes, creation of novel environments and movement of species across biogeographic regions. A consequence of this activity is the mixing of native and introduced species and the formation of novel biotic communities. We review the ecological consequences of the mixing of native and introduced species in the Caribbean Islands especially in Puerto Rico and the US Virgin Islands. Here we found documented examples indicating that novel communities of native and naturalized organisms are ubiquitous. The coexistence of species originating from different biogeographical regions raises research questions that demand attention for their ecological and conservation importance. For example: Is animal abundance in novel communities a measure of habitat quality? To what degree are populations in novel communities self-sustaining? What are the consequences of species eradication? How does an introduced animal's trophic position affect its effects on novel and native communities? We suggest that novel communities that emerge in the Caribbean after deforestation and land abandonment could be harbingers of how the biota might respond elsewhere to rapidly changing environmental conditions, including global and climate change.
机译：全球人为活动负责景观的修改，创造新环境以及生物物种在生物地理区域内的移动。这项活动的结果是本地物种和引进物种的混合以及新生物群落的形成。我们回顾了加勒比群岛，特别是波多黎各和美属维尔京群岛的本地物种和引进物种的混合所带来的生态后果。在这里，我们发现了记录在案的实例，这些实例表明，原生生物和自然生物的新型群落无处不在。来自不同生物地理区域的物种的共存提出了研究问题，这些问题因其生态和保护重要性而需要引起重视。例如：新社区中的动物丰度是否可以衡量栖息地质量？新型社区中的人口可以自我维持到什么程度？根除物种的后果是什么？引入的动物的营养位置如何影响其对新型和本土社区的影响？我们建议在森林砍伐和土地遗弃后在加勒比海出现的新社区可能预示着该生物群落如何在其他地方对迅速变化的环境条件做出反应，包括全球和气候变化。

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