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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the history of the neurosciences >Western European influence on the development of Russian neurology and psychiatry, part 1: Western European tours of early Russian neurologists and psychiatrists
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Western European influence on the development of Russian neurology and psychiatry, part 1: Western European tours of early Russian neurologists and psychiatrists

机译:西欧对俄罗斯神经科和精神病学发展的影响,第1部分:俄罗斯早期俄罗斯神经根学家和精神科医生的西欧之旅

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Beginning in the 1860s, two major centers of neurology and psychiatry arose in Russia: Imperial Moscow University (IMU) and Imperial Medical and Surgical Academy in St. Petersburg (IMSA). Both centers were strongly influenced by Leading Western European schools and specialists, through the clinical and research training regimes of both Russian universities, strongly influenced these centers of learning. In this study, we elaborate the Western European training of the first Russian specialists in the fields of neurology and neuropsychiatry from IMU and IMSA during the period from the late 1850s to 1900. Although prior studies emphasized the influence of French mentors and institutions, the Western European tours of early Russian specialists often included multiple destinations in Germany, France, and Austria. The most commonly visited cities (in descending order) were Paris, Berlin, Leipsig, and Vienna. The most commonly visited training centers (in descending order) were Hopital Salpetriex300;re (Paris), Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat (Berlin), Charite (Berlin), Universitat Leipzig, First Psychiatric Clinic (Vienna), and Hopital Sainte-Anne (Paris). The most commonly visited mentors, in descending order, were Charcot (Paris), Flechsig (Leipzig), Westphal (Berlin), Meynert (Vienna), and Magnan (Paris). Training of Russian specialists in Western Europe facilitated the emergence and development of the neurological and psychiatric schools in Moscow and St. Petersburg.
机译:从19世纪60年代开始,俄罗斯出现了两个主要的神经病学和精神病学中心:莫斯科帝国大学(IMU)和圣彼得堡帝国医学外科学院(IMSA)。这两个中心都受到西欧顶尖学校和专家的强烈影响,通过这两所俄罗斯大学的临床和研究培训制度,它们对这些学习中心产生了强烈的影响。在这项研究中,我们详细介绍了19世纪50年代末至1900年间,第一批俄罗斯神经病学和神经精神病学专家从IMU和IMSA接受的西欧培训。尽管之前的研究强调了法国导师和机构的影响,但早期俄罗斯专家的西欧之旅通常包括德国、法国和奥地利的多个目的地。最常访问的城市(按降序排列)是巴黎、柏林、莱辛和维也纳。最常访问的培训中心(按降序排列)是Hopital Salpetriex300;re(巴黎)、弗里德里希·威廉大学(柏林)、查理特大学(柏林)、莱比锡大学、第一精神病诊所(维也纳)和圣安妮医院(巴黎)。最常到访的导师按降序排列是夏科特(巴黎)、弗莱希(莱比锡)、威斯特法尔(柏林)、梅内特(维也纳)和马格南(巴黎)。在西欧培训俄罗斯专家促进了莫斯科和圣彼得堡神经病学和精神病学学校的出现和发展。

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