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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine >Exogenous transforming growth factor-beta 1 enhances smooth muscle differentiation in embryonic mouse jejunal explants
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Exogenous transforming growth factor-beta 1 enhances smooth muscle differentiation in embryonic mouse jejunal explants

机译：外源性转化生长因子-β1增强了胚胎小鼠赤腔牛外植体的平滑肌分化

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An ex vivo experimental strategy that replicates in vivo intestinal development would in theory provide an accessible setting with which to study normal and dysmorphic gut biology. The current authors recently described a system in which mouse embryonic jejunal segments were explanted onto semipermeable platforms and fed with chemically defined serum-free media. Over 3 days in organ culture, explants formed villi and they began to undergo spontaneous peristalsis. As defined in the current study, the wall of the explanted gut failed to form a robust longitudinal smooth muscle (SM) layer as it would do in vivo over the same time period. Given the role of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF beta 1) in SM differentiation in other organs, it was hypothesized that exogenous TGF beta 1 would enhance SM differentiation in these explants. In vivo, TGF beta receptors I and II were both detected in embryonic longitudinal jejunal SM cells and, in organ culture, exogenous TGF beta 1 induced robust differentiation of longitudinal SM. Microarray profiling showed that TGF beta 1 increased SM specific transcripts in a dose dependent manner. TGF beta 1 proteins were detected in amniotic fluid at a time when the intestine was physiologically herniated. By analogy with the requirement for exogenous TGF beta 1 for SM differentiation in organ culture, the TGF beta 1 protein that was demonstrated to be present in the amniotic fluid may enhance intestinal development when it is physiologically herniated in early gestation. Future studies of embryonic intestinal cultures should include TGF beta 1 in the defined media to produce a more faithful model of in vivo muscle differentiation. Copyright (c) 2017 The Authors Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
机译：在理论上，复制体内肠道发育的体外实验策略将为研究正常和畸形的肠道生物学提供一个容易获得的环境。目前的作者最近描述了一种系统，其中小鼠胚胎空肠段被移植到半透性平台上，并用化学定义的无血清培养基喂养。器官培养3天后，外植体形成绒毛，开始自发蠕动。正如当前研究中所定义的，在同一时间段内，移植的肠壁未能像在体内一样形成强健的纵向平滑肌（SM）层。鉴于转化生长因子β1（TGFβ1）在其他器官SM分化中的作用，我们假设外源性TGFβ1会促进这些外植体中的SM分化。在体内，在胚胎纵向空肠SM细胞中检测到TGF-β受体I和II，在器官培养中，外源性TGF-β1诱导纵向SM的强烈分化。微阵列分析显示TGF-β1以剂量依赖的方式增加SM特异性转录物。当小肠生理性脱出时，羊水中检测到TGFβ1蛋白。与器官培养中SM分化所需的外源性TGF-β1类似，羊水中存在的TGF-β1蛋白在妊娠早期生理性脱出时可能促进肠道发育。未来对胚胎肠道培养的研究应在确定的培养基中加入TGF-β1，以产生更可靠的体内肌肉分化模型。版权所有（c）2017年约翰·威利父子有限公司出版的《组织工程与再生医学杂志》

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