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Selective synthesis of DC carbon arc-generated carbon nanotube and layered-graphene and the associated mechanism

机译：直流碳弧生成的碳纳米管和层状石墨烯的选择性合成及相关机构

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Herein we report how an anode is eroded and the eroded mass is deposited on the cathode surface at different arc currents (I-arc) in a DC carbon arc discharge using roughly oriented graphite (ROG) as electrodes. It was found that the nature of anode erosion critically depends on I-arc, and has profound effects on the morphology of the as-synthesized cathode deposits (CDs), the conversion efficiency of the system to form the CDs and their compositions. By characterizing the as-synthesized CDs in their totality by transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction it was found that there exists a critical value of I-arc, below which the arc remains constricted, and above which the arc becomes intense. It was further found that the system can selectively generate both carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and layered-graphene sheets (LGs) when the carbon arc runs in constricted and intense modes, respectively. By the suitable adjustment of I-arc, it is possible to switchover between the aforementioned arc-modes. Based on the experimental results, a semi-empirical model encompassing the plausible effects of rapid and random movement of the anode spot on the used ROG anode surface was developed to provide new insights into the growth mechanism of arcgenerated CNTs and LGs. The state-of-the-art presented in this paper could facilitate the carbon arc discharge route for the tailored synthesis of highly crystalline CNTs and LGs.
机译：在本文中，我们报告了在使用粗取向石墨（ROG）作为电极的直流碳弧放电中，阳极是如何被腐蚀的，以及腐蚀的物质是如何在不同的电弧电流（I-arc）下沉积在阴极表面的。研究发现，阳极侵蚀的性质在很大程度上取决于I弧，并对合成阴极沉积物（CDs）的形态、系统形成CDs的转化效率及其组成有深远的影响。通过透射电子显微镜、拉曼光谱和x射线衍射对合成态CDs的整体特征进行表征，发现存在一个临界I弧值，低于该临界值，电弧仍然收缩，高于该临界值，电弧变得强烈。进一步发现，当碳弧分别以收缩模式和强烈模式运行时，该系统可以选择性地生成碳纳米管（CNT）和层状石墨烯片（LGs）。通过适当调整I-arc，可以在上述电弧模式之间切换。基于实验结果，开发了一个半经验模型，该模型包含了所用ROG阳极表面上阳极点快速随机移动的可能影响，为电弧生成的CNT和LGs的生长机理提供了新的见解。本文介绍的最新技术有助于碳弧放电路线定制合成高结晶性碳纳米管和LGs。

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