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Optical and magnetic resonance imaging approaches for investigating the tumour microenvironment: state-of-the-art review and future trends

机译:用于研究肿瘤微环境的光学和磁共振成像方法:最先进的审查和未来趋势

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摘要

The tumour microenvironment (TME) strongly influences tumorigenesis and metastasis. Two of the most characterized properties of the TME are acidosis and hypoxia, both of which are considered hallmarks of tumours as well as critical factors in response to anticancer treatments. Currently, various imaging approaches exist to measure acidosis and hypoxia in the TME, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography and optical imaging. In this review, we will focus on the latest fluorescent-based methods for optical sensing of cell metabolism and MRI as diagnostic imaging tools applied both in vitro and in vivo. The primary emphasis will be on describing the current and future uses of systems that can measure intra- and extra-cellular pH and oxygen changes at high spatial and temporal resolution. In addition, the suitability of these approaches for mapping tumour heterogeneity, and assessing response or failure to therapeutics will also be covered.
机译:肿瘤微环境(TME)强烈影响肿瘤的发生和转移。TME最具特征的两个特性是酸中毒和缺氧,这两个特性都被认为是肿瘤的特征,也是对抗癌治疗做出反应的关键因素。目前,有各种成像方法可以测量TME中的酸中毒和缺氧,包括磁共振成像(MRI)、正电子发射断层成像和光学成像。在这篇综述中,我们将重点介绍最新的基于荧光的细胞代谢光学传感方法和MRI作为诊断成像工具在体外和体内的应用。主要重点将是描述能够以高时空分辨率测量细胞内和细胞外pH和氧气变化的系统的当前和未来用途。此外,还将介绍这些方法在绘制肿瘤异质性图、评估治疗反应或失败方面的适用性。

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