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Cardiac electrical remodeling and neurodegenerative diseases association

机译：心脏电气重塑和神经变性疾病协会

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Cardiac impairment contributes significantly to the mortality associated with several neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD), primarily recognized as brain pathologies. These diseases may be caused by aggregation of a misfolded protein, most often, in the brain, although new evidence also reveals peripheral abnormalities. After characterization of the cardiac involvement in neurodegenerative diseases, several studies concentrated on elucidating the cause of the impaired cardiac function. However, most of the current knowledge is focused on the mechanical aspects of the heart rather than the electrical disturbances. The main objective of this review is to summarize the most recent advances in the elucidation of cardiac electrical remodeling in the neurodegenerative environment. We aimed to determine a crosstalk between the heart and the brain in three neurodegenerative conditions: AD, PD, and HD. We found that the most studies demonstrated important alterations in the electrocardiogram (ECG) of patients with neurodegeneration and in animal models of the conditions. We also showed that little is described when considering excitability disruptions in cardiomyocytes, for example, action potential impairments. It is a matter of contention whether central nervous system abnormalities or the peripheral ones increase the risk of heart diseases in patients with neurodegenerative conditions. To determine this notion, there is a need for new heart studies focusing specifically on the cardiac electrophysiology (e.g., ECG and cardiomyocyte excitability). This review could serve as an important guide in designing novel accurate approaches targeting the heart in neuronal conditions.
机译：心脏损伤对几种神经退行性疾病的死亡率有显著影响，如阿尔茨海默病（AD）、帕金森病（PD）和亨廷顿病（HD），这些疾病主要被认为是大脑疾病。这些疾病可能是由错误折叠的蛋白质聚集引起的，最常见的是在大脑中，尽管新的证据也揭示了外周异常。在描述了神经退行性疾病中心脏受累的特征后，一些研究集中于阐明心脏功能受损的原因。然而，目前的大多数知识都集中在心脏的机械方面，而不是电干扰。本综述的主要目的是总结神经退行性变环境下心脏电重构研究的最新进展。我们的目的是确定三种神经退行性疾病（AD、PD和HD）中心脏和大脑之间的串扰。我们发现，大多数研究表明，神经退行性变患者的心电图（ECG）以及该疾病的动物模型发生了重要改变。我们还表明，当考虑心肌细胞的兴奋性破坏时，例如动作电位损伤，很少有描述。中枢神经系统异常或外周神经系统异常是否会增加神经退行性疾病患者患心脏病的风险，这是一个有争议的问题。为了确定这一概念，需要进行新的心脏研究，特别关注心脏电生理学（例如，ECG和心肌细胞兴奋性）。这篇综述可以作为在神经条件下设计新的精确心脏靶向方法的重要指南。

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