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Progress in Top-Down Proteomics and the Analysis of Proteoforms

机译:自上而下的蛋白质组学的进展和蛋白质形式的分析

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摘要

From a molecular perspective, enactors of function in biology are intact proteins that can be variably modified at the genetic, transcriptional, or post-translational level. Over the past 30 years, mass spectrometry (MS) has become a powerful method for the analysis of proteomes. Prevailing bottom-up proteomics operates at the level of the peptide, leading to issues with protein inference, connectivity, and incomplete sequence/modification information. Top-down proteomics (TDP), alternatively, applies MS at the proteoform level to analyze intact proteins with diverse sources of intramolecular complexity preserved during analysis. Fortunately, advances in prefractionation workflows, MS instrumentation, and dissociation methods for whole-protein ions have helped TDP emerge as an accessible and potentially disruptive modality with increasingly translational value. In this review, we discuss technical and conceptual advances in TDP, along with the growing power of proteoform-resolved measurements in clinical and translational research.
机译:从分子角度看,生物学功能的执行者是完整的蛋白质,可以在遗传,转录或翻译后水平上进行可变修饰。在过去的30年中,质谱(MS)已成为分析蛋白质组学的强大方法。普遍存在的自下而上的蛋白质组学在肽水平上起作用,从而导致蛋白质推断,连接性和不完整的序列/修饰信息问题。另外,自上而下的蛋白质组学(TDP)可以在蛋白质体水平上应用MS来分析完整的蛋白质,并在分析过程中保留各种分子内复杂性来源。幸运的是,预分离工作流程,MS仪器和用于全蛋白离子的解离方法的进步已帮助TDP成为一种易于获取且具有潜在破坏性的形式,具有越来越高的翻译价值。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了TDP的技术和概念进展,以及在临床和转化研究中蛋白形式解析的测量方法日益强大的功能。

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