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首页> 外文期刊>Annals of epidemiology >Epidemiology, Policy, and Racial/Ethnic Minority Health Disparities
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Epidemiology, Policy, and Racial/Ethnic Minority Health Disparities

机译：流行病学，政策和种族/少数民族健康差异

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Purpose: Epidemiologists have long contributed to policy efforts to address health disparities. Three examples illustrate how epidemiologists have addressed health disparities in the United States and abroad through a " social determinants of health" lens. Methods: To identify examples of how epidemiologic research has been applied to reduce health disparities, we queried epidemiologists engaged in disparities research in the United States, Canada, and New Zealand, and drew upon the scientific literature. Results: Resulting examples covered a wide range of topic areas. Three areas selected for their contributions to policy were: (1) epidemiology's role in definition and measurement, (2) the study of housing and asthma, and (3) the study of food policy strategies to reduce health disparities. Although epidemiologic research has done much to define and quantify health inequalities, it has generally been less successful at producing evidence that would identify targets for health equity intervention. Epidemiologists have a role to play in measurement and basic surveillance, etiologic research, intervention research, and evaluation research. However, our training and funding sources generally place greatest emphasis on surveillance and etiologic research. Conclusions: The complexity of health disparities requires better training for epidemiologists to effectively work in multidisciplinary teams. Together we can evaluate contextual and multilevel contributions to disease and study intervention programs to gain better insights into evidenced-based health equity strategies.
机译：目的：流行病学家长期致力于解决健康差异的政策工作。三个例子说明了流行病学家如何通过“健康的社会决定因素”来解决美国和国外的健康​​差异。方法：为了确定如何应用流行病学研究减少健康差异的示例，我们询问了在美国，加拿大和新西兰从事差异研究的流行病学家，并参考了科学文献。结果：结果示例涵盖了广泛的主题领域。选择对政策做出贡献的三个领域是：（1）流行病学在定义和衡量方面的作用;（2）住房和哮喘的研究;（3）减少健康差异的食品政策策略的研究。尽管流行病学研究在定义和量化健康不平等方面做了大量工作，但在产生可确定健康公平干预目标的证据方面，它通常不太成功。流行病学家在测量和基本监视，病因研究，干预研究和评估研究中可以发挥作用。但是，我们的培训和资金来源通常将重点放在监视和病因研究上。结论：卫生差距的复杂性需要对流行病学家进行更好的培训，以使其在多学科团队中有效工作。我们可以一起评估疾病的背景和多层次贡献，并研究干预计划，以更好地了解基于证据的健康公平策略。

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