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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Physiologiae Plantarum >Calamintha nepeta L. (Savi) as source of phytotoxic compounds: bio-guided fractionation in identifying biological active molecules
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Calamintha nepeta L. (Savi) as source of phytotoxic compounds: bio-guided fractionation in identifying biological active molecules

机译：Calamintha nepeta L.（Savi）作为植物毒性化合物的来源：在生物活性分子鉴定中的生物引导分离

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摘要

Calamintha nepeta L. (Savi), known as Lesser Catmint, is a Mediterranean species belonging to the Labiatae family, considered an important source of natural compounds. Since little is known about phytotoxic potential of Lesser Catmint, the bio-guidedfractionation method was employed to isolate and identify some compounds, prerequisite for their possible future use in weed management. Leaves and stems of catmint were extracted with methanol and fractionated using n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol, solvents with different polarity. The potential phytotoxicity of the methanolic extract and its fractions, evaluated by ED50 values comparison, was assayed in vitro on seed germination and root growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Germination and root growth of lettuce were strongly inhibited by catmint methanolic extract and its fractions, showing the following hierarchy of phytotoxicity for both physiological processes: ethyl acetate ≥ n-hexane > chloroform ≥ n-butanol. In the most active fraction, analyzed by HPLC, 5 poliphenols, gallic, vanillic, syringic, p-coumaric and ferulic acids, were identified and quantified. Whereas, the n-hexane fraction was a mixture of 32 chemicals, mainly composed of terpenoids and fatty acids, as analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Further, GC analysis allowed to quantify 5 compounds: camphor, trans-caryophyllene, menthol, farnesene and pulegone. Furthermore, both fractions inhibited seed germination and root growth of two ofthe most common weeds, Amaranthus retroflexus and Echinochloa crus-galli. The results confirmed the phytotoxic activity of C. nepeta L. (Savi) due to the presence of different molecule classes with biological activity and their potential future application as bio-herbicides.
机译：Calamintha nepeta L.（Savi），被称为小猫薄荷（Lesser Catmint），是属于唇形科的地中海物种，被认为是天然化合物的重要来源。由于对小薄荷的植物毒性潜力知之甚少，因此采用生物引导分级分离方法来分离和鉴定某些化合物，这是它们将来在杂草处理中可能使用的前提。薄荷叶和茎用甲醇萃取，并用正己烷，氯仿，乙酸乙酯和正丁醇（极性不同的溶剂）分级分离。通过ED50值比较评估了甲醇提取物及其馏分的潜在植物毒性，对生菜（Lactuca sativa L.）的种子发芽和根系生长进行了体外测定。薄荷甲醇提取物及其馏分强烈抑制生菜的发芽和根系生长，对两种生理过程均显示出以下植物毒性层次：乙酸乙酯≥正己烷>氯仿≥正丁醇。在最活跃的馏分中，通过HPLC分析，鉴定并定量了5种多酚，没食子酸，香草酸，丁香酸，对香豆酸和阿魏酸。气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）分析表明，正己烷馏分是32种化学物质的混合物，主要由萜类和脂肪酸组成。此外，GC分析可以定量5种化合物：樟脑，反石竹烯，薄荷醇，法呢烯和pulegone。此外，这两个部分都抑制了两种最常见的杂草，mar菜和E菜（Echinochloa crus-galli）的种子发芽和根系生长。由于存在具有生物活性的不同分子类别以及它们作为生物除草剂的潜在潜在应用，结果证实了荆芥（Savi）的植物毒性活性。

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