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Sex Hormones as Cognitive Enhancers?

机译:性激素作为认知增强剂?

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摘要

Understanding the differences in the way women and men think has made headway thanks to experiments showing how sex hormones influence cognitive capacities. Masculine and feminine sex hormones (androgens and estrogens, respectively) affect cognition in different ways and may account for some of the gender differences in cognitive abilities, allowing men and women to perform better in certain cognitive tests. In this opinion article, we discuss studies addressing differences in cognitive functions between males and females and the underlying neural substrates, as well as the effects of sex hormone supplementation. Even though some studies on patients receiving exogenous sex hormones showed gender differences that emerge at group levels on a few cognitive tasks, it is not yet clear whether these differences can be partially attributed to hormonal causes. Supplementation of female estrogen can enhance verbal skills, whereas masculine androgen can increase performance in mathematical and visuospatial tasks. Studies of the administration of exogenous sex hormones have allowed further insight into the use of sex hormones as possible cognitive enhancers.
机译:由于实验表明性激素如何影响认知能力,因此了解男女认为取得进展的方式的差异。男性和女性性激素(分别为雄激素和雌激素)以不同的方式影响认知,并可能解释了认知能力的某些性别差异,使男人和女性在某些认知测试中的表现更好。在本意见文章中,我们讨论了解决男性与女性与潜在神经底物之间认知功能差异的研究,以及补充性激素的影响。尽管一些关于接受外源性激素的患者的研究表明,在一些认知任务上在小组水平上出现的性别差异,但尚不清楚这些差异是否可以部分归因于激素原因。女性雌激素的补充可以提高言语能力,而男性雄激素可以提高数学和视觉空间任务的性能。对外源性激素的给药的研究使得对性激素的使用作为可能的认知增强剂。

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