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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of cognitive enhancement >The Impact of Adherence to the Traditional Mediterranean Diet and Sex Differences on Global Cognitive Functioning: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
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The Impact of Adherence to the Traditional Mediterranean Diet and Sex Differences on Global Cognitive Functioning: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

机译：遵守传统地中海饮食和性别差异对全球认知功能的影响：系统评价和荟萃分析

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Contradictory findings in reviews that assess the relationship between the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) and cognitive functioning have been attributed to heterogeneity in the criteria used to assess MedDiet and cognition, and differences in the location or cultural habits of the populations studied. Few reviews have examined the relationship between dietary adherence and cognition or considered the impact of sex differences. This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the relationship between adherence to the MedDiet and cognitive functioning of healthy older adults (50+). We included isolated data from Mediterranean regions and considered differential outcomes based on sex. A search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science from 2011 to 2018 identified five longitudinal cohort studies (n=3368) and one randomized controlled trial (RCT; n=239 intervention; n=95 controls). The primary outcome of interest was global cognitive functioning. Meta-analysis of cohort studies revealed a significant association between MedDiet adherence and cognitive functioning (n=3368, r=0.09, p=0.012), an effect greater than previously reported. Meta-regression demonstrated that the effect size was stronger with improved quality of study reporting (p= 0.01). Sex did not impact cognitive outcomes, but sex differences in levels of adherence were reported in individual studies. There might be a stronger association between MedDiet and cognitive functioning for older adults from Mediterranean countries compared to other geographical locations, perhaps due to higher adherence and/or longer exposure over the life course. Results are compared to those of prior meta-analyses, and the impact of sources of heterogeneity is considered. The potential influence of sex and gender, as biological and social constructs, on dietary adherence is discussed.
机译：评论中评估地中海饮食（Meddiet）和认知功能之间关系的矛盾发现归因于用于评估Meddiet和认知的标准的异质性，以及所研究人群的位置或文化习惯的差异。很少有评论检查了饮食依从性和认知之间的关系，或者考虑了性别差异的影响。这项系统的综述和荟萃分析检查了健康老年人的依从性与认知功能之间的关系（50+）。我们包括了来自地中海地区的孤立数据，并根据性别考虑了差异结果。从2011年到2018年对PubMed，Cochrane图书馆，Embase，Scopus和Web Science的搜索确定了五项纵向队列研究（n = 3368）和一项随机对照试验（RCT; n = 239 Ispertion; n = 95个控件）。感兴趣的主要结果是全球认知功能。对队列研究的荟萃分析表明，Meddiet依从性与认知功能之间存在显着关联（n = 3368，r = 0.09，p = 0.012），其作用比先前报道的大。元回归表明，随着研究质量报告的提高，效果大小更强（p = 0.01）。性别不会影响认知结果，但是在个别研究中报告了性别依从性水平的性别差异。与其他地理位置相比，与其他地理位置相比，Meddiet和认知功能之间的关联可能更强，这可能是由于在整个生活过程中的依从性和/或更长的接触。将结果与先前的荟萃分析的结果进行了比较，并考虑了异质性来源的影响。讨论了性别和性别的潜在影响，作为生物学和社会结构，对饮食依从性进行了讨论。

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