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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology >Biodegradation of atrazine and related s-triazine compounds: from enzymes to field studies [Review]
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Biodegradation of atrazine and related s-triazine compounds: from enzymes to field studies [Review]

机译：阿特拉津及其相关s-三嗪化合物的生物降解：从酶到现场研究[综述]

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摘要

s-Triazine ring compounds are common industrial chemicals: pesticides, resin intermediates, dyes, and explosives. The fate of these compounds in the environment is directly correlated with the ability of microbes to metabolize them. Microbes metabolize melamine and the triazine herbicides such as atrazine via enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis reactions. Hydrolytic removal of substituents on the s-triazine ring is catalyzed by enzymes from the amidohydrolase superfamily and yields cyanuric acid as an intermediate. Cyanuric acid is hydrolytically processed to yield 3 mol each of ammonia and carbon dioxide. In those cases studied, the genes underlying the hydrolytic reactions are localized to large catabolic plasmids. One such plasmid, pADP-1 from Pseudomonas sp. ADP, has been completely sequenced and contains the genes for atrazine catabolism. Insertion sequence elements play a role in constructing different atrazine catabolic plasmids in different bacteria. Atrazine chlorohydrolase has been purified to homogeneity from two sources. Recombinant Escherichia coli strains expressing atrazine chlorohydrolase have been constructed and chemically cross-linked to generate catalytic particles used for atrazine remediation in soil. The method was used for cleaning up a spill of 1,000 pounds of atrazine to attain a level of herbicide acceptable to regulatory agencies. [References: 50]
机译：s-三嗪环化合物是常见的工业化学品：农药，树脂中间体，染料和炸药。这些化合物在环境中的命运与微生物代谢它们的能力直接相关。微生物通过酶催化的水解反应代谢三聚氰胺和三嗪除草剂（如阿特拉津）。来自酰胺水解酶超家族的酶催化水解s-三嗪环上的取代基，并产生氰尿酸作为中间体。氰尿酸经过水解处理，分别生成3摩尔的氨和二氧化碳。在那些研究的案例中，水解反应的基础基因位于大型分解代谢质粒中。一种这样的质粒，来自假单胞菌sp.pADP-1。 ADP已完全测序，并包含阿特拉津分解代谢的基因。插入序列元件在不同细菌中构建不同的阿特拉津分解代谢质粒中起作用。阿特拉津氯水解酶已从两种来源纯化至同质。已经构建了表达at去津氯水解酶的重组大肠杆菌菌株，并进行了化学交联，以产生用于土壤中at去津修复的催化颗粒。该方法用于清理溢出的1,000磅of去津，以达到监管机构可接受的除草剂水平。 [参考：50]

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