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Species composition in fragmented forests: conservation implications of changing forest area

机译：零散森林的物种组成：不断变化的森林面积对保护的影响

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An important aspect of forest fragmentation is the ensuing change in forest area and the impact this has on species number and composition. Quantifying this is an important step in prioritizing forest fragments for biodiversity conservation. Species-area curves from isolated forest fragments in Ghana, West Africa, show that large forests contain the greatest number of tree species. Moreover, the additional species found within the larger forest fragments follow a predictable pattern rather than acting as random complements from the community. The proportion of rare tree species increases with forest area, but common species form a stable foundation comprising around two-thirds of the total forest complement. As the area of forest fragments increases, edge effects decrease and the relative proportions of evergreen and shade-tolerating species increase with respect to deciduous pioneers. The use of species-area curves to determine the capacity of small forest remnants to support species diversity should consequently be assessed with respect to the component species. Increasing fragmentation will result in the loss of a valuable portion of the forest ecosystem: the rare and shade-tolerating species. These species will be more effectively preservedwithin larger forest reserves.
机译：森林破碎化的一个重要方面是随之而来的森林面积变化及其对物种数量和组成的影响。量化这一点是确定森林碎片优先次序以保护生物多样性的重要步骤。来自西非加纳孤立的森林碎片的物种-面积曲线显示，大森林包含最多数量的树木。此外，在较大的森林碎片中发现的其他物种遵循可预测的模式，而不是充当社区的随机补充。稀有树种的比例随森林面积的增加而增加，但常见树种形成了稳定的基础，约占森林总面积的三分之二。随着森林碎片面积的增加，相对于落叶先驱者，边缘效应减少，常绿和耐荫物种的相对比例增加。因此，应根据组成物种评估使用物种-面积曲线确定小森林残余物支持物种多样性的能力。越来越多的碎片将导致森林生态系统的宝贵部分丧失：稀有和耐荫的物种。这些物种将在更大的森林保护区内得到更有效的保存。

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