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首页> 外文期刊>Archives of general psychiatry. >Neural abnormalities in early-onset and adolescence-onset conduct disorder.
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Neural abnormalities in early-onset and adolescence-onset conduct disorder.

机译：早发性神经异常和青少年品行障碍。

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CONTEXT: Conduct disorder (CD) is characterized by severe antisocial behavior that emerges in childhood (early-onset CD [EO-CD]) or adolescence (adolescence-onset CD [AO-CD]). Early-onset CD is proposed to have a neurodevelopmental basis, whereas AO-CD is thought to emerge owing to social mimicry of deviant peers. However, this developmental taxonomic theory is debated after reports of neuropsychological impairments in both CD subtypes. A critical, although unaddressed, issue is whether these subtypes present similar or distinct neurophysiological profiles. Hence, we investigated neurophysiological responses to emotional and neutral faces in regions associated with antisocial behavior (ie, the amygdala, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, insula, and orbitofrontal cortex) in individuals with EO-CD and AO-CD and in healthy control subjects. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether EO-CD and AO-CD subjects show neurophysiological abnormalities. DESIGN: Case-control study. SETTING: Government research institute, university department. PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-five male adolescents and young adults aged 16 to 21 years, including 27 with EO-CD, 25 with AO-CD, and 23 healthy controls. Main Outcome Measure Neural activations measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging while participants viewed angry, sad, and neutral faces. RESULTS: Comparing angry vs neutral faces, participants with both CD subtypes displayed reduced responses in regions associated with antisocial behavior compared with controls; differences between the CD subtypes were not significant. Comparing each expression with fixation baseline revealed an abnormal (increased) amygdala response to neutral but not angry faces in both groups of CD relative to controls. For sad vs neutral faces, reduced amygdala activation was observed in EO-CD relative to AO-CD and control participants. Comparing each expression with fixation revealed hypoactive amygdala responses to sadness in individuals with EO-CD relative to AO-CD participants and controls. These findings were not accounted for by attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Neurophysiological abnormalities are observed in both CD subtypes, contrary to the developmental taxonomic theory of CD. Additional amygdala hypofunction in relation to sad expressions might indicate why EO-CD is more severe and persistent than AO-CD.
机译：背景:品行障碍(CD)的特点是出现的严重的反社会行为童年(早发性CD [EO-CD])或青春期(青少年CD [AO-CD])。提出了神经发育的基础上,而AO-CD被认为由于出现社会越轨的模仿同行。发展分类理论讨论后神经心理障碍的报道CD亚型。问题在于这些亚型存在相似或者不同的神经生理学概要文件。我们研究了神经生理学反应情绪和中性面孔相关的地区与反社会行为(例如,杏仁核,腹内侧前额叶皮层,脑岛眶额叶皮层)与EO-CD个人AO-CD和健康对照组。摘要目的:探讨是否EO-CD和AO-CD对象显示神经生理学异常。设计:病例对照研究。研究所、大学的部门。男性青少年和参与者:七十五16岁到21岁的年轻人,其中包括27与AO-CD EO-CD, 25日,23日健康控制。功能性磁共振成像测量而参与者认为愤怒,悲伤,和中立的脸。参与者与CD亚型显示减少反应区域联系在一起反社会行为与控制;CD亚型之间的差异有很重要的意义。固定基线显示异常(增加)扁桃体对中性但不是相对于愤怒的面孔在两组的CD控制。杏仁核的激活在EO-CD观察相对于AO-CD参与者和控制。比较每个表达式和固定悲伤的亢奋的杏仁核的反应相对于AO-CD EO-CD患者参与者和控制。不占注意缺陷/多动障碍症状。异常都观察到CD亚型,相反的发展分类理论CD。额外的杏仁核功能不良的关系悲伤的表情可能表明EO-CD为什么比AO-CD更为严重和持久。

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