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Musculoskeletal, visual and psychosocial stress in VDU operators before and after multidisciplinary ergonomic interventions

机译：多学科人体工程学干预前后，VDU操作员的肌肉骨骼，视觉和社会心理压力

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The study has a parallel group design with two intervention groups (T and S) and one control group (C) of VDU operators, Three serial interventions were carried out in the T and S groups, first a new lighting system, then new workplaces and last an optometric examination and corrections if needed. The new lighting gave significantly increased illuminance levels, increased luminances of the room surfaces and better luminance distribution. The two intervention groups reported significant improvement of the lighting conditions, as well as of the visual conditions and significantly reduced visual discomfort and glare. Significant reduction of headache was found in one of the intervention groups. Optometric corrections reduced the visual discomfort in both the intervention groups. When looking at those given new corrections, a significant reduction was found in the T group and a clear tendency was also found in the S group, The C group reported no improvements for any of these health outcomes. The workplace intervention gave the operator the possibility to support the whole forearm and hand on the table top, Before the intervention there were no significant differences between the three groups regarding shoulder pain and static trapezius electromyographic (EMG) load. Two years after the intervention, a significant reduction of shoulder pain was reported in the T and S groups in parallel with a significant reduction in static trapezius load, while no such reduction was found in the C group. At the same time, both static trapezius load and shoulder pain were significantly lower in the T and S groups compared with the C group. Pain in the forearm and hand showed no significant changes in any of the groups during the study period. However, there seem to be a relationship between pain in the forearm and hand and the time the operator used the mouse. The C group reported significantly higher intensity of pain and used the mouse significantly more than the S group, (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. [References: 77]
机译：该研究采用平行组设计，其中包括VDU操作员的两个干预组（T和S）和一个对照组（C）。在T和S组中进行了三个系列干预，首先是新的照明系统，然后是新的工作场所，以及如果需要，最后进行验光和矫正。新的照明显着提高了照明度，增加了房间表面的亮度并改善了亮度分布。两个干预组报告了照明条件以及视觉条件的显着改善，并且显着减少了视觉不适和眩光。在其中一个干预组中，头痛明显减轻。验光矫正减少了两个干预组的视觉不适。当查看那些给予了新的校正的患者时，T组明显减少，S组也有明显的趋势。C组报告这些健康结局均未见改善。工作场所的干预使操作员可以支撑整个前臂和手放在桌面上。在干预之前，三组之间在肩部疼痛和静态斜方肌肌电图（EMG）负荷方面无显着差异。干预后两年，T和S组的肩部疼痛明显减轻，而斜方肌的静态负荷也明显降低，而C组则未见这种减轻。同时，与C组相比，T组和S组的静态斜方肌负荷和肩部疼痛均显着降低。在研究期间，任何一组的前臂和手疼痛均无明显变化。但是，前臂和手的疼痛与操作者使用鼠标的时间之间似乎存在某种关系。 C组的疼痛强度明显高于S组，并且使用鼠标的次数明显多于S组（C）1998 Elsevier ScienceLtd。保留所有权利。 [参考：77]

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