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The role of latent and active failures in workplace slips, trips and falls: An information processing approach

机译：潜在和主动失败在工作场所滑倒，绊倒和跌倒中的作用：一种信息处理方法

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摘要

The vast majority of the published workplace slips, trips and falls (STF) literature is exceedingly narrow in its focus and often ignores wider systems issues in workplace STF aetiology. There is little recognition within the published literature of the importance of latent failures or the upstream organisational and cultural contexts within which workplace STF occur. This is unfortunate, as a systems approach to workplace STF analysis, that is inclusive of latent design and work organisation factors that often shape worker behaviour patterns related to STF risk (e.g. rushing, risk taking), is fundamental to the development of effective prevention measures. The aims of this paper are to provide an understanding of workplace STF causation that is cognisant of the potential role of both active and latent failures in STF causation. The paper presents an ergonomics model for workplace STF analysis that highlights information processing in STF aetiology, the STF incident process and the interaction between latent and active failures in STF causation. The paper draws upon ergonomics research conducted in a range of occupational contexts to illustrate the key features of the model as it applies to workplace STF. Implications of the model for analysis and prevention of STF are discussed.
机译：绝大多数已发表的工作场所滑倒，绊倒和摔倒（STF）文献的重点过于狭窄，并且常常忽略了工作场所STF病因学中更广泛的系统问题。在已发表的文献中，几乎没有人认识到潜在失败或工作场所STF发生的上游组织和文化背景的重要性。不幸的是，这是一种用于工作场所STF分析的系统方法，其中包括潜在的设计和工作组织因素，这些因素经常会影响与STF风险相关的工人行为模式（例如匆忙，冒险），这对于制定有效的预防措施至关重要。本文的目的是提供对工作场所STF因果关系的理解，以认识到主动和潜在失败在STF因果关系中的潜在作用。本文提出了一种用于工场STF分析的人机工程学模型，重点介绍了STF病因学中的信息处理，STF事件过程以及STF因果关系中潜在故障与主动故障之间的相互作用。本文借鉴了在各种职业环境中进行的人体工程学研究，以说明该模型应用于工作场所STF的关键特征。讨论了该模型对STF的分析和预防的意义。

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