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Preface

机译:前言

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摘要

The gold standard radiotracer for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) tumor imaging is the glucose analogue ~18F-fluorodeoxygIucose (~18F-FDG), which exploits the differences in glucose metabolism in normal and tumor tissue. ~18F-FDG in tumor cells is increased compared to normal tissues due to upregulation of glucose transporters and rate-limiting enzymes (hexokinase, phosphofructokinase and pyruvate dehydrogenase) in malignant cells. In contrast to conventional imaging modalities, FDG-PET can detect lesions with high glucose metabolism regardless of their anatomical shape or location and, therefore, can distinguish between post-therapy changes and foci of residual active disease. FDG-PET has been shown to be more accurate for the diagnosis and staging of tumors than conventional imaging methods in numerous clinical trials. Despite the many advantages of FDG-PET, the fact that it will exhibit enhanced uptake in any tissue having higher than normal glucose metabolism (including infection sites) results in a relatively low specificity. New targeted imaging agents, based on radiometal-labeled compounds, are being developed that can potentially result in better PET detection for certain diseases.
机译:正电子发射断层扫描(PET)肿瘤成像的金标准放射示踪剂是葡萄糖类似物〜18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖(〜18F-FDG),它利用正常组织和肿瘤组织中葡萄糖代谢的差异。与正常组织相比,由于恶性细胞中葡萄糖转运蛋白和限速酶(己糖激酶,磷酸果糖激酶和丙酮酸脱氢酶)的上调,肿瘤细胞中的〜18F-FDG增加。与常规成像方式相比,FDG-PET可以检测具有高糖代谢的病变,而无论其解剖学形状或位置如何,因此可以区分治疗后的变化和残余活动性疾病的病灶。在许多临床试验中,FDG-PET已被证明比常规成像方法对肿瘤的诊断和分期更准确。尽管FDG-PET具有许多优点,但它在任何具有高于正常葡萄糖代谢(包括感染部位)的组织中均会表现出增强的摄取,这一事实导致相对较低的特异性。基于放射性金属标记的化合物的新型靶向成像剂正在开发中,可以潜在地对某些疾病进行更好的PET检测。

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