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首页> 外文期刊>Applied radiation and isotopes: including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine >The Distribution of Falldut ~(137)Cs and ~(210)Pb in Undisturbed and Cultivated Soils
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The Distribution of Falldut ~(137)Cs and ~(210)Pb in Undisturbed and Cultivated Soils

机译：原始土壤和耕作土壤中〜（137）Cs和〜（210）Pb的分布

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摘要

The affinity-of bomb-derived fallout ~(137)Cs and naturally-occurring fallout ~(210)Pb for soil and sediment particles make them valuable sediment tracers, and they have been used in a wide range of environmental, investigations. A knowledge of theirbehaviour and distribution in soils is vital for understanding their movement within the environment and therefore for interpreting the information that they provide as sediment tracers. The study reported in this paper combines both empirical evidence and theoretical reasoning to develop an improved understanding of the distribution of fallout ~(137)Cs and ~(210)Pb in undisturbed and cultivated soils. Results from field experiments suggest that the initial distribution of these radionuclides in topsoils is approximately exponential. The primary factors influencing the post-depositional redistribution of these radionuclides in stable undisturbed soils have been represented as effective diffusion and convection processes, and a one-dimensional transportmodel has been employed to describe temporal changes in their vertical distribution in the soil profile. Cultivation and soil erosion are the dominant processes controlling their vertical distribution in cultivated soils. The information obtained is essential for exploiting fully the potential for using these fallout radionuclides as tracers in studying soil ercsion, sediment delivery and sediment deposition, and associated sediment budgets.
机译：炸弹来源的〜（137）Cs和自然产生的〜（210）Pb对土壤和沉积物颗粒的亲和力使其成为有价值的沉积物示踪剂，已被广泛用于环境研究中。了解它们在土壤中的行为和分布对于了解它们在环境中的运动并因此解释它们作为沉积物示踪剂提供的信息至关重要。本文报道的研究结合了经验证据和理论推论，以增进对未扰动和耕作土壤中〜（137）Cs和〜（210）Pb分布的认识。野外实验的结果表明，这些放射性核素在表层土壤中的初始分布是近似指数的。影响这些放射性核素在稳定的原状土壤中沉积后再分布的主要因素已表示为有效的扩散和对流过程，并已采用一维运移模型描述了它们在土壤剖面中垂直分布的时间变化。耕作和水土流失是控制耕作土壤中垂直分布的主要过程。获得的信息对于充分利用这些放射性放射性核素作为示踪剂，研究土壤侵蚀，沉积物输送和沉积物沉积以及相关的沉积物预算至关重要。

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