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首页> 外文期刊>Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods >Influence of the cultivar and nitrogen fertilisation level on the mycotoxin contamination in winter wheat
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Influence of the cultivar and nitrogen fertilisation level on the mycotoxin contamination in winter wheat

机译：品种和氮的影响受精水平霉菌毒素污染在冬小麦

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摘要

Toxigenic Fusarium spp. are common pathogens of wheat and other cereals worldwide resulting in severe reductions of grain yield. Mycotoxins - secondary metabolites produced by a range of widespread fungi, including Fusarium are capable of causing diseases in plants, animals and humans. Two research hypotheses were verified in this work, namely: (1) various wheat cultivars exhibit substantially varied resistance to Fusarium mycotoxins; and (2) large doses of nitrogen fertilisers that facilitate the development of dense cereal fields also create favourable conditions for the biosynthesis of Fusarium mycotoxins. The two nitrogen fertilisation levels tested in this work were 120 and 200 kg N/ha. The mycotoxin levels in several wheat cultivars grown during 2013-2015 in the Osiny Station, which belongs to the Kepa-Pulawy Experimental Station in Poland, were investigated. The analysed mycotoxins included not only those commonly found in wheat but also deoxynivalenol/zearalenone derivatives and enniatins, which, even if more rarely described in the literature, may also pose a threat to food safety. Three groups were identified from the perspective of wheat susceptibility to mycotoxins biosynthesis, namely: (1) relatively resistant Astoria and Fidelius cultivars; (2) medium-susceptibility Oxal, Kepler, Forkida, and KWS Dacanto cultivars; and (3) Bamberka, Kampana and Meister cultivars, which, compared to the others, accumulated most of the mycotoxins. It was found that the majority of the investigated mycotoxins accumulated in wheat significantly more at the 200 kg N/ha nitrogen fertilising level than at the 120 kg/ha level. A preliminary statistical analysis of the acquired data revealed some correlation between the mycotoxin concentrations and both the wheat cultivar and the nitrogen fertilisation level.
机译：产毒素的镰刀菌素种虫害是常见的病原体全球导致小麦和其它谷物粮食产量严重减少。一系列产生的次生代谢物广泛的真菌,包括镰刀菌素能够引起疾病的植物、动物和人类。这项工作,即:(1)不同的小麦品种表现出显著不同的阻力镰刀菌素真菌毒素;氮肥促进还密集的谷物字段创建的发展生物合成的有利条件镰刀菌素真菌毒素。在120年这项工作是受精水平测试和200公斤N /公顷。在2013 - 2015年的小麦品种种植属于Kepa-Pulawy Osiny站试验站在波兰,调查。不仅那些在小麦也随处可见deoxynivalenol /玉米烯酮衍生品和enniatins,即使很少描述在文献中,也可能对食物构成威胁安全。小麦对真菌毒素的敏感性的角度生物合成,即:(1)相对耐药处理赤胆忠心魔品种的阿斯托里亚和;Forkida medium-susceptibility Oxal,开普勒,KWS Dacanto品种;迈斯特品种,相比大多数真菌毒素积累。发现大多数的调查真菌毒素累积在小麦显著在200公斤N /公顷氮施肥级别比120公斤/公顷。统计分析获得的数据透露了一些霉菌毒素之间的相关性小麦品种和浓度氮施肥水平。

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