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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research, A. Space Physics: JGR >Observations and modeling of the coupled latitude-altitude patterns of equatorial plasma depletions
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Observations and modeling of the coupled latitude-altitude patterns of equatorial plasma depletions

机译：观察和模型的耦合latitude-altitude赤道等离子体模式出现创

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摘要

The equatorial ionosphere is host to the most dramatic and enigmatic plasma instability mechanism in the geospace environment. Equatorial spread F (ESF) was discovered in early ionosonde measurements and interpreted theoretically using Rayleigh-Taylor theory. Subsequent diagnostic and modeling advances have improved substantially our understanding of ESF onset and evolution and its associated effects on the ionosphere throughout the low-latitude domain. The degree to which ESF mechanisms penetrate into the lower midlatitudes is a topic of current study, a reverse of the familiar concept of high-to-low latitude coupling for space weather phenomena. Optical diagnostic systems, first ground based and now space based, reveal the presence of ESF structures via images of airglow depletions that are aligned in the approximately north-south direction spanning the geomagnetic equator. Ground-based all-sky camera systems used to capture the two-dimensional horizontal patterns of airglow depletions are the main source of observations showing that ESF processes intrude to midlatitudes in the L ～ 1.5 domain. In this paper we review the process of mapping airglow depletions along geomagnetic field lines to the equatorial plane, hence defining the maximum apex heights achieved. A case study comparison of simultaneous radar backscatter data from Kwajalein with optical data from Wake Island, sites that share common magnetic meridians in the Pacific section, confirms the utility of the approach and its applicability to sites at other longitudes. Modeling studies based on buoyancy arguments using flux tube–integrated mean density values versus L shell apex heights show that instability-induced plasma depletions starting at F layer bottomside heights easily reach altitudes above 2000 km in the equatorial plane, implying that ESF intrusions to lower midlatitudes should be a relatively frequent occurrence.
机译：赤道电离层是最主机戏剧性的和神秘的等离子体不稳定性地球空间环境的机制。传播F(养)ionosonde月初被发现测量和解释理论上使用瑞利泰勒理论。建模我们的进步有了很大的改进养的理解和演化及其对电离层的影响有关低纬度域。机制渗透下情理之中是当前研究的一个主题,一个反向的吗熟悉到低自由度耦合的概念对空间天气现象。系统,首先基于地面,现在空间,通过图像揭示养结构的存在大气光消逝中对齐大约横跨南北方向地磁赤道。系统用于获取二维大气光消逝的水平模式观测表明,养的主要来源过程干扰在L ~ 1.5情理之中域。映射在地磁大气光消逝电场线的赤道平面,因此定义的最大顶点高度。案例研究比较同时雷达从夸贾林环礁与光学数据后向散射数据来自威克岛,有共同的网站磁子午线在太平洋部分,确认和它的实用方法适用于网站其他经度。基于浮力参数建模研究利用通量tube-integrated平均密度值与L壳顶点高度显示引起等离子体开始消逝电离层bottomside高度容易达到的高度超过2000公里的赤道平面,暗示养,入侵降低情理之中是一个相对频繁的发生。

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