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首页> 外文期刊>Acta crystallographica.Section D. Biological crystallography >Structures of human nucleosomes containing major histone H3 variants.
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Structures of human nucleosomes containing major histone H3 variants.

机译：人类包含主要的核小体的结构组蛋白H3变体。

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摘要

The nucleosome is the fundamental repeating unit of chromatin, via which genomic DNA is packaged into the nucleus in eukaryotes. In the nucleosome, two copies of each core histone, H2A, H2B, H3 and H4, form a histone octamer which wraps 146 base pairs of DNA around itself. All of the core histones except for histone H4 have nonallelic isoforms called histone variants. In humans, eight histone H3 variants, H3.1, H3.2, H3.3, H3T, H3.5, H3.X, H3.Y and CENP-A, have been reported to date. Previous studies have suggested that histone H3 variants possess distinct functions in the formation of specific chromosome regions and/or in the regulation of transcription and replication. H3.1, H3.2 and H3.3 are the most abundant H3 variants. Here, crystal structures of human nucleosomes containing either H3.2 or H3.3 have been solved. The structures were essentially the same as that of the H3.1 nucleosome. Since the amino-acid residues specific for H3.2 and H3.3 are located on the accessible surface of the H3/H4 tetramer, they may be potential interaction sites for H3.2- and H3.3-specific chaperones.
机译：核小体是基本的重复单元染色质,通过基因组DNA包装在真核生物细胞核。核小体,两份每个核心组蛋白H2A,H2B, H3和H4,形成一个组蛋白八聚物包装146个DNA碱基对。除了组蛋白H4组蛋白核心非等位的亚型称为组蛋白变体。人类,八组蛋白H3变异、H3.1 H3.2,H3.3、H3T H3.5, H3。据报道日期。组蛋白H3变异拥有截然不同的函数在特定染色体的形成区域和/或转录的调控和复制。丰富的H3变体。包含H3.2或H3.3人类核小体已经解决了。一样的H3.1核小体。H3.2和特定氨基酸残基H3.3位于表面的访问H3和H4四聚物,他们可能是潜在的相互作用网站H3.2 -和H3.3-specific陪伴。

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