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Phycoremediation: a means for restoration of water contamination

机译：Phycoremediation:恢复水的一种手段污染

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Abstract For the last few decades, environmental pollution has attained global attention as it resulted in the massive contamination of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Aquatic ecosystems seem to be more prone to pollutants, as they act as a sink for pollutants, reaching through runaway water of the nearby area. Contaminants from water bodies can quickly enter the food chain through the primary producers of aquatic origin. This may lead to serious health hazards to humans and animals through biomagnification. In this scenario, it is essential to find a sustainable solution for the decontamination of the ground and surface water to maintain life on earth in a better way. Phycoremediation is an algal-based emerging technology applied to remove various pollutants in water. It is a low cost, eco-friendly and easily manageable remediation strategy. In this technique, algae are used as agents of remediation, and so far, a number of algae have been identified with high potential to detoxify various kinds of pollutants like nutrients, heavy metals, radionuclides, herbicides, pesticides, etc. Both micro and macroalgae are widely exploited to detoxify various contaminants from the water bodies. Algae are the sources of green energy, serve as a sink for CO2, and are also a rich resource of economically important components, making phycoremediation a?promising?technology. Even though the detailed mechanism behind the phycoremediation technique is yet to be unravelled, processes like biosorption, accumulation, degradation, volatilization, and complexation are proved to be operating in most of the species. This review analyzes the current status, various mechanisms, pros and cons and future promises of phycoremediation. The role of genetic engineering and also the nanoremediation strategies in phycoremediation are also discussed briefly.
机译：文摘在过去的几十年里,环境污染已经达到全球的关注导致水生的巨大污染和陆地生态系统。似乎更容易污染,因为他们行动作为污染物的下沉,达到通过失控的水附近的区域。从水体可以快速进入食物链通过水生的初级生产者来源。通过生物放大人类和动物。在这种情况下,有必要找到一个去污的可持续解决方案地面和表面水来维持生命地球在一个更好的方法。algal-based新兴技术应用于去除各种污染物在水里。环保,容易可控的补救策略。补救的代理,到目前为止,许多藻类与高潜力已确定消除各种污染物营养物质、重金属、放射性核素除草剂、杀虫剂等。解毒macroalgae被广泛利用各种污染物的水体。绿色能源的来源,作为水槽吗二氧化碳,也有丰富的资源经济重要组成部分phycoremediation一个承诺?技术。虽然背后的详细机制phycoremediation技术尚未彻底瓦解,过程吸附,积累、降解、挥发和大多数络合证明是操作的物种。状态、各种机制和优缺点未来phycoremediation的承诺。遗传工程和nanoremediation在phycoremediation策略进行了讨论短暂的。

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