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首页> 外文期刊>Applied biochemistry and biotechnology, Part A. enzyme engineering and biotechnology >Managed bioremediation of soil contaminated with crude oil - Soil chemistry and microbial ecology three years later
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Managed bioremediation of soil contaminated with crude oil - Soil chemistry and microbial ecology three years later

机译：原油污染土壤的有管理的生物修复-三年后的土壤化学和微生物生态学

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Analysis of samples taken from three experimental soil lysimeters demonstrated marked long-term effects of managed bioremediation on soil chemistry and on bacterial and fungal communities 3 yr after the application of crude oil or crude oil and fertilizer. The lysimeters were originally used to evaluate the short-term effectiveness of managed (application of fertilizer and water, one lysimeter) vs unmanaged bioremediation (one lysimeter) of Michigan Silurian crude oil compared to one uncontaminated control lysimeter. Three years following the original experiment, five 2-ft-long soil cores were extracted from each lysimeter, each divided into three sections, and the like sections mixed together to form composited soil samples. All subsequent chemical and microbiological analyses were performed on these nine composited samples. Substantial variation was found among the lysimeters for certain soil chemical characteristics (% moisture, pH, total Kjeldahl nitrogen [TKN], ammonia nitrogen [NH4-N], phosphate phosphorous [PO4-P], and sulfate [SO4-2]). The managed lysimeter had 10% the level of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH-IR) found in the unmanaged lysimeter. Assessment of the microbial community was performed for heterotropic bacteria, fungi, and aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria (toluene, naphthalene, and phenanthrene) by dilution onto solid media. There was little difference in the number of heterotrophic bacteria, in contrast to counts of fungi, which were markedly higher in the contaminated lysimeters. Hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria were elevated in both oil-contaminated lysimeters. In terms of particular hydrocarbons as substrates, phenanthrene degraders were greater in number than naphthalene degraders, which outnumbered toluene degraders. Levels of sulfate-reducing bacteria seem to have been stimulated by hydrocarbon degradation.
机译：从三个实验性土壤溶渗仪中采集的样品的分析表明，施用原油或原油和化肥3年后，有管理的生物修复对土壤化学以及细菌和真菌群落具有明显的长期影响。溶渗仪最初用于评估密歇根志留纪原油的有管理的（施用肥料和水，一台溶菌仪）与未经管理的生物修复（一台溶菌仪）相比，一种未经污染的对照溶渗仪的短期有效性。在原始实验的三年后，从每个测渗仪中提取了五个2英尺长的土壤核心，每个核心分为三个部分，类似的部分混合在一起形成复合土壤样品。随后对这9个复合样品进行了所有化学和微生物分析。对于某些土壤化学特性（％水分，pH，凯氏总氮[TKN]，氨氮[NH4-N]，磷磷[PO4-P]和硫酸盐[SO4-2]），测力计之间存在很大差异。受控溶渗仪在非受控溶渗仪中的总石油烃含量（TPH-IR）为10％。通过稀释到固体培养基上，对异向性细菌，真菌和芳香烃降解细菌（甲苯，萘和菲）进行了微生物群落评估。与真菌计数相比，异养细菌的数量差异很小，在受污染的溶菌仪中，真菌的数量明显更高。在两个被油污染的溶渗仪中，降解烃的细菌都升高了。就特定的碳氢化合物为底物而言，菲萘降解物的数量大于萘降解物，后者的数量超过甲苯降解物。减少硫酸盐的细菌的水平似乎已受到碳氢化合物降解的刺激。

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