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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of cellular physiology. >The role of glucose homeostasis on immune function in response to exercise: The impact of low or higher energetic conditions
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The role of glucose homeostasis on immune function in response to exercise: The impact of low or higher energetic conditions

机译：葡萄糖在体内平衡的免疫功能的作用为了练习:低或的影响更高的能量条件

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摘要

Immune cells are bioenergetically expensive during activation, which requires tightly regulated control of metabolic pathways. Both low and high glycemic conditions can modulate immune function. States of undernourishment depress the immune system, and in the same way, excessive intake of nutrients, such as an obesity state, compromise its functioning. Multicellular organisms depend on two mechanisms to survive: the regulation and ability to store energy to prevent starvation and the ability to fight against infection. Synergic interactions between metabolism and immunity affect many systems underpinning human health. In a chronic way, the breakdown of glycemic homeostasis in the body can influence cells of the immune system and consequently contribute to the onset of diseases such as type II diabetes, obesity, Alzheimer's, and fat and lean mass loss. On the contrary, exercise, recognized as a primary strategy to control hyperglycemic disorders, also induces a coordinated immune-neuro-endocrine response that acutely modulates cardiovascular, respiratory, and muscle functions and the immune response to exercise is widely dependent on the intensity and volume that may affect an immunodepressive state. These altered immune responses induced by exercise are modulated through the "stress hormones" adrenaline and cortisol, which are a threat to leukocyte metabolism. In this context, carbohydrates appear to have a positive acute response as a strategy to prevent depression of the immune system by maintaining plasma glucose concentrations to meet the energy demand from all systems involved during strenuous exercises. Therefore, herein, we discuss the mechanisms through which exercise may promotes changes on glycemic homeostasis in the metabolism and how it affects immune cell functions under higher or lower glucose conditions.
机译：免疫细胞是bioenergetically昂贵的期间激活,需要严格监管控制代谢途径。血糖条件可以调节免疫功能。营养不良降低免疫系统,同样的,过多的摄入营养,比如肥胖状态,妥协它的功能。生存在两个机制:监管和防止饥饿和储存能量的能力对抗感染的能力。代谢和免疫之间的相互作用影响许多系统支撑人类的健康。慢性,血糖的崩溃身体可以影响细胞的体内平衡免疫系统从而导致II型糖尿病等疾病的发病肥胖、阿尔茨海默氏症,脂肪和精益质量损失。相反,锻炼,公认的控制高血糖的主要策略障碍,也引发一个协调immune-neuro-endocrine反应强烈调节心血管、呼吸和肌肉功能和免疫应答练习广泛依赖于强度和体积可能会影响immunodepressive状态。改变运动引起的免疫反应调制通过“压力荷尔蒙”肾上腺素和皮质醇,这是一个威胁白细胞的新陈代谢。碳水化合物似乎有积极的严重响应的策略来预防抑郁症免疫系统通过维持血浆葡萄糖从所有的浓度,以满足能源需求系统在艰苦的练习。因此,在此,我们将讨论的机制通过运动可以促进变化血糖代谢的动态平衡,以及它如何影响免疫细胞功能或高或下降低葡萄糖的条件。

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