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首页> 外文期刊>Anthrozoos: A Multidisciplinary Journal of the Interactions of People and Animals >Investigating Attitudes Toward Sharks in Australia
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Investigating Attitudes Toward Sharks in Australia

机译：调查在澳大利亚鲨鱼的态度

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摘要

Understanding attitudes toward sharks and the factors associated with them is important for promoting positive attitudes and support for conservation initiatives. We aimed to investigate attitudes toward two different shark species in an Australian context: white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias, a species that can harm humans) and whale sharks (Rhincodon typus, species that cannot harm humans). Four types of attitudes were assessed (naturalistic, moralistic, scientific, and utilitarian) in a between-group survey design with an Australian sample (n = 400; 69.5% female and 30.0% male). Results showed that at least half of the participants in both shark conditions (white and whale) scored positively on each attitude aside from the naturalistic attitude toward white sharks. Pathway diagrams were constructed to identify factors associated with each of the attitudes. The identified associated factors included perception of risk of sharks, acceptance of sharks, shark tourism experiences, connection and relatedness to nature, sensation seeking, and gender. Many of these factors are stable constructs that cannot be altered; however, they allow for researchers, conservation marketers, and policymakers to understand who to target shark conservation campaigns toward. Shark tourism experiences and perception of the risk of sharks are factors that can be altered and should, therefore, be the focus of future research in this area. Assessing four different types of attitudes toward sharks accounted for, and further supported, the complex nature of attitudes toward sharks, and the scale utilized should be considered for future research.
机译：鲨鱼的态度和理解与他们相关的因素是很重要的促进积极的态度和支持保护措施。两种不同的态度鲨鱼澳大利亚环境:大白鲨(噬人鲨属carcharias,一个物种可以危害人类)和鲸鲨(拉丁文Rhincodon typus物种不能伤害人类)。评估(自然的、道德、科学、群体间的调查和功利主义)的设计与澳大利亚的样品(n = 400;和30.0%的男性)。一半的参与者在两个鲨鱼的条件(白色和鲸鱼)取得了积极除了自然的态度的态度大白鲨。构造识别相关的因素每一个态度。因素包括知觉风险的鲨鱼,接受鲨鱼,鲨鱼旅游经历,连接和亲缘性质,感觉寻求和性别。稳定的结构,不能修改;然而,他们允许研究人员,保护营销人员和决策者理解谁目标鲨鱼保育运动的方向。旅游体验和感知的风险鲨鱼是可以改变的因素因此,应该成为未来的重点在这一领域的研究。类型的鲨鱼的态度占了,进一步支持,复杂的性质鲨鱼的态度,利用规模为未来的研究应考虑。

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