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首页> 外文期刊>Arabian journal of geosciences >Flow of top coal and roof rock and loss of top coal in fully mechanized top coal caving mining of extra thick coal seams
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Flow of top coal and roof rock and loss of top coal in fully mechanized top coal caving mining of extra thick coal seams

机译：特厚煤层综放开采顶煤顶板流动与顶煤损失。

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摘要

This study investigates the flow and caving characteristics of top coal and roof rock, as well as top coal loss pattern in the fully mechanized top coal caving mining of extra thick coal seams. The two dimensional discrete element numerical simulation software program, particle flow code (PFC), is used for the simulation of top coal caving and the inversion analysis. The original locations, distribution, and migration pattern of caved top coal and lost coal were obtained. The analysis shows that in the initial site of caving, the caved bodies are in the form of arc shaped strips in front of the working face. During the caving, caved bodies of different heights move towards the lower rear of the face at different speeds. The lost coal and caved roof rock are originally located at the interface between coal seam and roof, the lost coal is mainly distributed in the goaf on the floor. Behind the support, the caved top coal bodies originally are arc shaped strips, with the highest points located at the midline of the caving opening. The strips are more curved near the goaf than those near the support. During top coal caving, the strips successively cave, with the adjacent outer strip replacing the caved one. The variations of top coal loss and waste rock ratio with time reflect the different phases of top coal caving. In order to improve coal recovery and limit the amount of caved roof rock, the waste rock ratio should be controlled below 10 %. When the waste rock ratio reaches this value, the caving opening should be closed. This paper provides theoretical bases for the improvement of top coal recovery in the fully mechanized top coal caving mining of extra thick coal seams.
机译：本研究调查了特厚煤层综放开采中顶煤和顶板岩的流散特征，顶煤损失规律。二维离散元数值模拟软件程序，粒子流代码（PFC），用于顶煤冒顶的模拟和反演分析。得到了陷落顶煤和失煤的原始位置，分布和运移规律。分析表明，在崩落的初始位置，塌陷体在工作面前呈弧形条状。在崩落过程中，不同高度的塌陷物体以不同的速度移向工作面的后下部。失煤和塌陷的顶板岩石原本位于煤层与顶板之间的界面，失煤主要分布在地面的采空区中。在支架的后面，塌陷的煤顶原本是弧形的条带，最高点位于放空口的中线。在采空区附近的条比在支座附近的条更弯曲。在放顶煤过程中，条带依次陷落，相邻的外部条带取代了陷落的条带。顶煤损失和waste石比率随时间的变化反映了顶煤放矿的不同阶段。为了提高煤的采收率并限制顶板塌方岩的数量，废石率应控制在10％以下。当the石比率达到此值时，放空口应关闭。本文为提高特厚煤层综放开采的顶煤回收率提供了理论依据。

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